Surgical instrument and surgical instrument system comprising the surgical instrument

专利摘要:
invention patent: components for use in sterile environments. a surgical instrument comprises a first portion encapsulated by a membrane and a second portion comprising a surgical instrument body and a cavity in the surgical instrument body. the cavity is configured to receive the first portion. the second portion comprises a first region comprising an opening in communication with the cavity, and a movable closing element between a first position and a second position. the closing element is in a sealable engagement with the second region when it is in the first position and is at least partially free of the sealable engagement with the second region when it is in the second position. one or more electrical contacts in the first portion or the second portion are configured to penetrate the membrane and make the connection between the first portion and the second portion when the closing element moves from the second position to the first position.
公开号:BR112012011999B1
申请号:R112012011999-0
申请日:2010-11-17
公开日:2020-02-11
发明作者:Chad P. Boudreaux；Frederick E. Iv Shelton；Daniel J. Abbott；Bret W. Smith
申请人:Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Invention Patent Descriptive Report for SURGICAL INSTRUMENT AND SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SYSTEM UNDERSTANDING THE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT. PRIORITY [001] This description is a request for continuation in part, which claims priority under 35 USC § 120 of US copending patent application serial number 12 / 366,548, entitled STERILIZABLE surgical instrument, filed on February 5, 2009 , the complete description of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION [002] The present description relates, in general, to surgical instruments suitable for use in sterile environments and, more particularly, to surgical instruments that have a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being, in one embodiment, it is encapsulated by a membrane so that it can be attached to the second portion and used in a sterile environment. The present description also refers to electronic components suitable for use in a sterile environment.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [003] After a surgical instrument is manufactured, and / or after a surgical instrument is used during a surgical procedure, the surgical instrument can be subjected to physical sterilization and / or chemical sterilization to exterminate or eliminate transmissible agents in it. Physical sterilization may include gamma radiation sterilization which may be suitable in many circumstances. In some cases, however, gamma radiation can damage electronic components and / or the power supply, for example, of a surgical instrument. As a result, the options available for sterilizing such surgical instruments may be limited to heat or steam sterilization and / or chemical sterilization, such as ethylene oxide,
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2/102 ozone and / or hydrogen peroxide, for example. Although such options are suitable in many circumstances, they can be more expensive and / or time consuming to perform compared to gamma radiation sterilization, for example. In other cases, electronic components and / or the power supply may not be subjected to sterilization at a level where they can be openly exposed in an operating room during a surgical procedure. An improvement is needed in what was previously mentioned.
[004] The aforementioned discussion is intended to only illustrate some of the disadvantages present in the field of description at the moment, and should not contradict the scope of the claims.
SUMMARY [005] In a general aspect of the present description, a surgical instrument can comprise a first portion, such as a power supply, for example, that comprises at least a first electrical contact, a membrane that encapsulates the first portion, and a second portion. The second portion may comprise a surgical instrument body and a wall that defines a cavity in the surgical instrument body. The cavity can be configured to, at least partially, receive the first portion while the first portion remains encapsulated by the membrane. The second portion may further comprise a first region comprising at least a second electrical contact, a second region comprising an opening in communication with the cavity, and a movable closing member between a first position and a second position. The closing member may be in a sealable engagement with the second region when it is in the first position and may be at least partially free of a sealable engagement with the second region when it is in the second position. The first electrical contact and / or the second electrical contact can be
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3/102 figured to penetrate the membrane to allow an electrical connection to be made between the first portion and the second portion at least when the closing member moves from the second position to the first position.
[006] In another general aspect of the present description, a surgical instrument system may comprise a first portion comprising at least a first electrical terminal and a sealed package. The first portion can be positioned in the sealed package and the sealed package can comprise a microbe-impermeable barrier layer. The surgical instrument system may further comprise a second portion comprising a surgical instrument body and a receiving slot defined in the surgical instrument body. The receiving slot can be configured to receive at least part of the first portion while the first portion is positioned with the package sealed. The second portion may further comprise a first region comprising at least a second electrical terminal, a second region defining a passage in the receiving slot, and a movable closing member between a first position and a second position. The closing member may be in sealable contact with the second region when it is in the first position and may be at least partially free of sealable contact with the second region when it is in the second position. The closing member may comprise a cam surface configured to force the first portion into the receiving slot and configured to take one of the first electrical terminal and the second electrical terminal to pierce the sealed package to allow an electrical connection to be made between the the first portion and the second portion at least when the closing member moves from the second position to the first position.
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4/102 [007] In yet another general aspect of the present description, an electronic component set can be configured to be placed in electrical communication with a surgical instrument. The electronic component set may comprise an electronic component configured to energize and / or control the surgical instrument when the electronic component set is placed in electrical communication with the surgical instrument. A housing can surround the electronic component. The housing may comprise an outer surface comprising a material configured to at least resist microbial contamination, at least one vent defined in the housing, and a microbial, gas-permeable barrier positioned over at least one vent and configured for at least one vent. inhibit the microbe leaving the housing.
[008] In yet another general aspect of the present description, a surgical instrument module may comprise an electronic component configured for at least one among energizing and controlling a surgical instrument when the surgical instrument module is located in electrical communication with the surgical instrument. A housing can encapsulate the electronic component. The housing may comprise an outer surface comprising a first antimicrobial material, at least one vent formed in the housing, and a microbial impermeable, gas-permeable barrier positioned over the at least one vent. The germ-impermeable, gas-permeable barrier can be configured to prevent microbes in the electronics from leaving the housing while allowing a gas to flow in and out of the housing. The surgical instrument module can also comprise a fin attached to the housing and extending away from the electronic component. The fin can be configured to dissipate the heat created by the electronic component and can comprise a second material, as per 870190092850, from 17/09/2019, pg. 8/113
5/102 thymicrobial.
[009] This Summary is intended to briefly define certain modalities of this description. It should be understood that the present description is not limited to the modalities presented in this Summary, and is intended to cover changes that are in its spirit and scope, as defined by the claims. It should also be understood that this summary should not be read or interpreted in a way that limits the scope of the claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0010] The aforementioned and other characteristics and advantages of the description, and the manner of carrying them out, will become more apparent and the description itself will be better understood by reference to the following description of the description modalities taken together with the attached drawings, where:
[0011] Figures 1 and 2 are seen in perspective of a surgical instrument for cutting and fixation;
[0012] Figures 3 to 5 are exploded views of an end effector and the stem of the instrument of Figure 1;
[0013] Figure 6 is a side view of the end effector of Figure 3;
[0014] Figure 7 is an exploded view of the instrument cable of Figure 1;
[0015] Figures 8 and 9 are seen in partial views of the cable in Figure 1;
[0016] Figure 10 is a side view of the cable in Figure 1;
[0017] Figures 10A and 10B illustrate a proportional sensor that can be used with the cable in Figure 1;
[0018] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a circuit used in the instrument of Figure 1;
[0019] Figures 12 to 13 are side views of an insPetition cable 870190092850, from 17/09/2019, pg. 9/113
6/102 surgical instrument according to other modalities;
[0020] Figures 14 to 22 illustrate different mechanisms for locking a surgical instrument cable closing trigger;
[0021] Figures 23A-B show a universal joint (u joint) that can be used at the point of articulation of a surgical instrument;
[0022] Figures 24A-B show a torsion cable that can be used at the point of articulation of a surgical instrument;
[0023] Figures 25 to 31 illustrate a surgical cutting and fixation instrument with the aid of energy;
[0024] Figures 32 to 36 illustrate a surgical fixation and cutting instrument with energy aid according to another modality;
[0025] Figures 37 to 40 illustrate a surgical fixation and cutting instrument with tactile feedback for modalities of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 41 illustrates an exploded view of an end effector and a stem of a surgical instrument;
[0027] Figure 42 illustrates a side view of the handle of a mechanically operated surgical instrument;
[0028] Figure 43 illustrates an exploded view of the mechanically actuated instrument cable of Figure 42;
[0029] Figure 44 illustrates a block diagram of a recording system for recording various conditions of a surgical instrument;
[0030] Figures 45 to 46 illustrate side sectional views of a cable of the instrument of Figure 42;
[0031] Figure 47 illustrates the end effector of the instrument of Figure 42 showing several sensors;
[0032] Figure 48 illustrates an ignition bar of the instrument of Figure 42 including a sensor;
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7/102 [0033] Figure 49 illustrates a side view of the cable, end effector and ignition bar of the instrument of Figure 42 showing a sensor;
[0034] Figure 50 illustrates an exploded view of the staple channel and portions of an instrument staple cartridge showing various sensors according to various embodiments of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 51 illustrates a top view of the clip channel of the instrument of Figure 42 showing several sensors;
[0036] Figures 52A and 52B illustrate a flow chart showing a method for operating a surgical instrument according to various modalities;
[0037] Figure 53 illustrates a memory graph showing exemplary registration conditions for a surgical instrument according to various modalities;
[0038] Figure 54 illustrates a surgical instrument according to several modalities;
[0039] Figure 55 is a schematic diagram of the surgical instrument in Figure 54;
[0040] Figures 56 to 58 illustrate various modalities of a portion of the surgical instrument of Figure 54;
[0041] Figure 59 is a perspective view of a surgical instrument, in accordance with various modalities of the present invention;
[0042] Figure 60 is a view of a surgical instrument positioned in a sealed container;
[0043] Figure 61 is a perspective view of a surgical instrument comprising a first portion and a second portion, according to various embodiments of the present invention;
[0044] Figure 62 is a perspective view of the surgical instrument of Figure 61 in which the first portion is at least partial
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8/102 positioned within a cavity defined in the second portion, according to various modalities of the present invention;
[0045] Figure 63 is an illustration of a closing member of the surgical instrument of Figure 62 positioned to engage the first portion and force the first portion into the cavity defined in the second portion;
[0046] Figure 64 is a perspective view of a power supply, in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention; [0047] Figure 65 is a perspective view of another power supply, according to various embodiments of the present invention; and [0048] Figure 66 is a cross-sectional view of the power supply of Figure 65 taken along line 66—66 in Figure 65, according to various embodiments of the present invention.
[0049] The corresponding reference characters indicate the corresponding parts through the various views. The exemplifications presented in the present invention illustrate preferred embodiments of the description, in one form, and such exemplifications should not be construed as limiting the scope of the description in any way.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0050] Certain exemplary modalities will now be described to provide a general understanding of the principles of structure, function, manufacture and use of the devices and methods described here. One or more examples of three modalities are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will understand that the devices and methods specifically described in this document and illustrated in the accompanying drawings are exemplary non-limiting modalities and that the scope of the various modalities of this description is defined only by the claims. The illustrated aspects
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9/102 or described in connection with an exemplary modality can be combined with aspects of other modalities. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included in the scope of this description.
[0051] Figures 1 and 2 show an instrument for fixation and surgical cutting 10 according to various modalities. The illustrated modality is an endoscopic surgical instrument 10 and, in general, the instrument 10 described here are cutting and joining endoscopic surgical instruments. It should be noted, however, that according to other modalities, instrument 10 can be a non-endoscopic surgical cutting instrument, such as a laparoscopic instrument.
[0052] The surgical instrument 10 shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a handle 6, a stem 8, and a hinged end effector 12 hingedly connected to the stem 8 to a hinge pivot 14. A hinge control 16 can be supplied adjacent to the cable 6 to rotate the end effector 12 over the hinge pivot 14. It will be understood that various modalities may include a non-pivoting end effector and, consequently, may not have a hinge pivot 14 or hinge control 16. In addition, in the illustrated embodiment, end effector 12 is configured to act as an end cutter to hold, separate and staple tissue, although in other embodiments, different types of end effectors can be used, as end effectors for others types of surgical devices, such as tweezers, cutters, staplers, clamp applicators, access devices, therapy devices gene / drug, ultrasound, RF or laser devices, etc.
[0053] The cable 6 of the instrument 10 can include a closing trigger 18 and a trigger trigger 20 to drive the effect effector
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10/102 tremor 12. It will be recognized that instruments that have end effectors aimed at different surgical tasks may have different numbers or types of triggers or other controls suitable for operating end effector 12. End effector 12 is shown separately from the cable 6 by a rod 8, preferably elongated. In one embodiment, a clinician or operator of the instrument 10 can articulate the end effector 12 with respect to axis 8 using the articulation control 16, as described in more detail in pending US patent application serial number 11 / 329,020, filed on January 10, 2006, entitled INSTRUMENTO CIRÚRGICO HAVING AN ARTICULATING END EFFECTOR, the complete description of which is incorporated herein by reference. [0054] The end effector 12 includes in this example, among other things, a clamp channel 22 and an articulably translatable fixing member, such as a fixed claw 24, which are kept at a spacing that ensures effective stapling or sectioning of the fabric attached to the end effector 12. The handle 6 includes a pistol grip 26 towards which a closing trigger 18 is pivotally pulled by the clinician to lead to the fixing or closing of the fixed grip 24 towards the staple channel 22 of end effector 12 to thereby secure the fabric positioned between the grip of the fixed grip 24 and the groove 22. The trigger trigger 20 is further away from the closing trigger 18. When the closing trigger 18 is locked in the position of closing, as described in more detail below, trigger trigger 20 can rotate slightly toward pistol grip 26 so that it can be reached by the operator using one hand. Then the operator can pivot trigger trigger 20 towards pistol grip 26 to cause stapling and sectioning of tissue attached to end effector 12. On or
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11/102 other modalities, different types of fixing members in addition to the fixed claw claw 24 can be used, such as an opposing claw, etc.
[0055] It will be recognized that the terms proximal and distal are used here with reference to the act of tightening the handle 6 of an instrument 10 by the clinician. Therefore, end effector 12 is distal to the plus 6 cable. It will be further recognized that, for convenience and clarity, spatial terms such as vertical and horizontal are used in the present invention with respect to the drawings. However, surgical instruments can be used in many orientations and positions, and these terms are not intended to be limiting and absolute.
[0056] The closing trigger 18 can be activated first. When satisfied with the position of the end effector 12, the clinician can retract the closing trigger 18 to the fully closed and locked position adjacent to the pistol grip 26. The trigger trigger 20 can then be operated. The trigger trigger 20 returns to the open position (shown in Figures 1 and 2) when the doctor removes the pressure, as described more fully below. A release button on cable 6 can, when pressed, release the lock on the closing trigger 18. The release button can be implemented in various ways, for example, the release button 30 shown in Figures 42 to 43, button slip release 160 shown in Figure 14, and / or button 172 shown in Figure 16.
[0057] Figures 3 to 6 show modalities of an end effector driven by rotation 12 and rod 8 according to various modalities. Figure 3 is an exploded view of the end effector 12 according to various embodiments. As shown in the illustrated embodiment, end effector 12 may include, in addition
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12/102 tion to the previously mentioned channel 22 and the fixed claw 24, a cutting instrument 32, a rail 33, a staple cartridge 34 that is removably seated in the channel 22, and a helical screw rod 36. The instrument cutting edge 32 can be, for example, a knife. The anvil 24 can be pivoted open and closed on the pivot pins 25 connected to the adjacent end of the channel 22. The fixed jaw claw 24 can also include a flap 27 at its adjacent end which is inserted into a component of a mechanical locking system (further described below) to open and close the fixed jaw 24. When the closing trigger 18 is actuated, that is, extracted by a user of the instrument 10, the anvil 24 can pivot around the pivot pins 25 forming a closed or stuck position. If the fixation of the end effector is 12 satisfactory, the operator can activate the trigger trigger 20 which, as explained in more detail above, causes knife 32 and rail 33 to run longitudinally along channel 22, cutting from that mode the tissue fixed inside the end effector 12. The movement of the sliding support 33 along the channel 22 causes the clips (not shown) of the clip cartridge 34 to be driven through the separate tissue and in relation to the closed anvil 24, that turns the clips to fix the separate fabric. In several embodiments, the rail 33 can be an integral component of the cartridge 34. US patent No. 6,978,921, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT INCORPORATING AN E-BEAM FIRING MECHANISM, the entire description of which is incorporated by reference, provides more details on such two-stroke fixing and cutting instruments. The rail 33 can be part of the cartridge 34, so that when the knife 32 retracts after the cutting operation, the rail 33 does not retract.
[0058] It should be noted that although the instrument 10 modalities described here employ an end effector 12
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13/102 that staples the sectioned tissue, in other different technical modalities for joining or sealing the sectioned tissue can be used. For example, end effectors that use RF (radio frequency) energy or adhesives to join the sectioned tissue can also be used. US patent No. 5,709,680, entitled E LECTROSURGICAL HEMOSTATIC DEVICE, and US patent No. 5,688,270, entitled ELECTOSURGICAL HEMOSTATIC DEVICE WITH RECESSED AND / OR OFFSET ELECTRODES, the entire description of which is incorporated herein by reference, by reference, they feature an endoscopic cutting instrument that uses RF energy to seal the separate tissue. US patent application serial number 11 / 267,811, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS STRUCTURED FOR DELIVERY OF MEDICAL AGENTS, and US patent application serial number 11 / 267,383, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS STRUCTURED FOR PUMP-ASSISTED DELIVERY OF MEDICAL AGENTS, whose descriptions are also incorporated here, for reference, feature cutting instruments that use adhesives to secure the separate fabric. Thus, although the description of the present invention refers to cutting / stapling operations and the like, it must be recognized that this is an exemplary modality, and is not intended to be limiting. Other tissue gripping techniques can also be used.
[0059] Figures 4 and 5 are exploded views and Figure 6 is a side view of end effector 12 and stem 8 according to various modalities. As shown in the illustrated embodiment, the stem 8 may include an adjacent closing tube 40 and a distal closing tube 42 pivotally connected by a pivot connection 44. The distal closing tube 42 includes an opening system 45 within which the flap 27 in the fixed jaw 24 is inserted in order to open and close the fixed jaw 24, as further described below. Willing
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14/102 inside the closing tubes 40, 42 can be an adjacent structuring tube 46. Arranged within the adjacent structuring tube 46 can be a main (or adjacent) rotational drive shaft 48 that communicates with a secondary drive shaft (or distal) 50 through a set of bevel gears 52. The secondary drive shaft 50 is connected to a drive gear 54 that engages an adjacent drive gear 56 of the helical screw rod 36. The vertical bevel gear 52b can seat and pivot on a opening 57 at the distal end of the adjacent structuring tube 46. A distal structuring tube 58 can be used to close the secondary drive shaft 50 and the drive gears 54, 56. Collectively, the main drive shaft 48, the secondary drive shaft 50 , and the hinge assembly (e.g., chamfer gear assembly 52a-c) are sometimes referred to in the present invention main drive shaft assembly.
[0060] A bearing 38, positioned at a distal end of the clamp groove 22, receives the helical screw 36, allowing the helical screw 36 to rotate freely with respect to the groove
22. The helical screw rod 36 can interconnect a threaded opening (not shown) of the knife 32 so that the rotation of the rod 36 causes the knife 32 to rotate in the distal position or in the proximal direction (depending on the direction of rotation) through of the clamp groove 22. Consequently, when the main drive rod 48 is rotated through the actuation of the trigger trigger 20 (as explained in more detail below), the chamfer gear assembly 52a-c causes the rod secondary drive axle 50 rotates, which in turn, due to the engagement of the drive gears 54, 56, the helical screw rod 36 rotates, which causes the knife drive member 32 to travel long
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15/102 tudinally along the channel 22 to cut any tissue stuck within the end effector 12. The rail 33 can be produced from, for example, plastic, and can have an inclined distal surface. As the sliding support 33 passes through the channel 22, the sloping front surface can push up or activate the staples on the staple cartridge through the attached fabric and against the anvil 24. The fixed claw 24 turns the staples thus stapling the cut fabric . When knife 32 is retracted, knife 32 and rail 33 can be disengaged, thus leaving rail 33 at the distal end of channel 22.
[0061] In certain circumstances, there is a general lack of acceptance among doctors of motor-driven cutters where the cutting / stapling operation is performed simply by pressing a button because of the lack of feedback from users for the cutting operation / stapling. On the contrary, certain embodiments presented in the present invention provide a motor driven cutter with feedback from users on the position, force and / or position of the cutting instrument 32 on the end effector 12.
[0062] Figures 7 to 10 illustrate an exemplary modality of a motor driven cutter and, in particular, its cable, which provides feedback to users related to the positioning and loading force of the cutting instrument 32 in the end effector 12. In addition, the mode can use energy supplied by the user in retracting the trigger trigger 20 to energize the device (a mode called energy-assisted). The modality can be used with the modalities described above of the end effector driven by rotation 12 and the rod 8. As shown in the illustrated modality, the cable 6 includes external lower side parts 59 and 60 and external upper side parts 61 and 62 that
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16/102 fit together to generally form the exterior of the cable 6. A battery 64, such as a Li-ion battery, can be provided in the pistol grip portion 26 of the cable 6. The battery 64 feeds a motor 65 disposed in an upper portion of the pistol grip portion 26 of cable 6. According to various modalities, motor 65 can be a brushed DC drive motor that has a maximum rotation of approximately 5000 RPM. Motor 65 can drive a 90 ° bevel gear set 66 that comprises a first bevel gear 68 and a second bevel gear 70. Bevel gear set 66 can drive a planetary gear set 72. The gear set planetary gears 72 can include a pinion gear 74 connected to a drive shaft 76. pinion gear 74 can drive an annular coupling gear 78 that drives a helical gear drum 80 via a drive rod 82. a ring 84 can be threaded onto the drum with helical gear 80. Therefore, when the motor 65 spins, the ring 84 is forced to move along the helical gear drum 80, through the bevel gear set 66, the gear set planetary 72 and ring gear 78 interposed there. [0063] Cable 6 may also include an operating motor sensor 110 (see Figure 10) in communication with trigger trigger 20 to detect when trigger trigger 20 has been removed (or closed) towards the handle portion of the pistol 26 of cable 6 by the operator to thereby perform the cutting / stapling operation by end effector 12. Sensor 110 can be a proportional sensor, such as a rheostat or a variable resistor. When trigger trigger 20 is pulled, sensor 110 detects movement, and sends an electrical signal indicating the voltage (or power) to be supplied to motor 65. When sensor 110 is a variable resistor
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17/102 or similar, the rotation of the motor 65 can generally be proportional to the amount of movement of the trigger trigger 20. That is, if the operator pulls or closes the trigger trigger 20 just a little, the rotation of the motor 65 is relatively low. When the trigger trigger 20 is pulled completely (or is in the completely closed position), the rotation of the motor 65 is at its maximum. In other words, the stronger the user pulls the trigger 20, the greater the voltage applied to the motor 65, generating higher rotation rates.
[0064] The cable 6 may include an intermediate part of the cable 104 adjacent to the upper portion of the trigger trigger 20. The cable 6 may also comprise a bias spring 112 connected between columns in the intermediate part of the cable 104 and the trigger trigger 20 The bias spring 112 can place the trigger 20 in its fully open position. This way, when the operator releases the trigger trigger 20, the bias spring 112 will pull the trigger trigger 20 to its open position, thus removing the actuation of sensor 110, and stopping the rotation of the motor 65. In addition, because of the polarization spring 112, any time a user closes the trigger trigger 20, he will feel resistance to the closing operation, thus providing the user with feedback related to the amount of rotation exerted by the motor 65. Additionally, the operator can for the retraction of the trigger trigger 20 to thus remove the force of the sensor 100, to stop the motor 65. Thus, the user can stop the implantation of the end effector 12, thus providing a measure of control of the cutting operation / attachment to the operator.
[0065] The distal end of the helical gear drum 80 includes a distal drive rod 120 that drives a ring gear 122, which corresponds to a pinion gear 124. Pinion gear 124 is connected to the drive shaft
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18/102 main drive 48 of the main drive shaft assembly. In this way, the rotation of the motor 65 causes the main drive shaft assembly to rotate, which causes the end effector 12 to act, as described above.
[0066] Ring 84 threaded to the drum with helical gear 80 may include a column 86 which is disposed within a slot 88 of an arm provided with slits 90. The arm provided with slits 90 has an opening 92 at its opposite end 94 which receives a pivot pin 96 that is connected between the outer side parts of the cable 59 and 60. The pivot pin 96 is also arranged through an opening 100 in the trigger trigger 20 and an opening 102 in the intermediate part of the cable 104.
[0067] In addition, cable 6 may include a reverse motor sensor (or limit switch sensor) 130 and a motor stop sensor (or limit switch) 142. In several embodiments, the motor reversal sensor 130 can be a limit switch located at the distal end of the helically geared drum 80 so that ring 84 threaded on the helical geared drum 80 contacts and activates the motor reversal sensor 130 when ring 84 reaches the distal end of the drum with helical gear 80. Motor reversal sensor 130, when activated, sends a signal to motor 65 to reverse its direction of rotation, thus removing knife 32 from end effector 12 after the cutting operation.
[0068] The engine stop sensor 142 can be, for example, a normally closed limit switch. In various embodiments, it can be located at the adjacent end of the helical gear drum 80 so that ring 84 activates key 142 when ring 84 reaches the adjacent end of helical gear drum 80.
[0069] In operation, when an instrument operator 10
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19/102 pulls the trigger trigger 20, the sensor 110 detects the position of the trigger trigger 20 and sends a signal to the motor 65 to induce forward rotation motor 65, for example, at a rate proportional to the intensity with which the operator pulls the trigger trigger 20. The forward rotation of the motor 65, in turn, rotates the annular gear 78 present at the distal end of the planetary gear assembly 72, thus turning the helical gear drum 80, and causing the threaded ring 84 on the helical gear drum 80 to move distally along said helical gear drum 80. The rotation of the helical gear drum 80 also directs the main drive shaft assembly as described above which, for example, This in turn leads to the positioning of knife 32 on end effector 12. That is, knife 32 and rail 33 are driven to cross channel 22 longitudinally, thus cutting the fixed tissue at end effector 12. In addition, the stapling operation of end effector 12 is carried out in modalities in which a staple type end effector 12 is used.
[0070] When the cutting / stapling operation of end effector 12 is finished, ring 84 on the helical gear drum 80 will have reached the distal end of the helical gear drum 80, thus causing the motor reversal sensor 130 is activated, which sends a signal to motor 65 to cause motor 65 to reverse its rotation. This in turn causes the knife 32 to retract and also causes the ring 84 on the helical gear drum 80 to move back to the adjacent end of the helical gear drum 80.
[0071] The intermediate part of the cable 104 includes a shoulder at the rear 106 which mates with the split arm 90, as is best shown in Figures 8 and 9. The intermediate part of the cable 104 has,
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20/102 also, a forward movement block 107 that is coupled to the trigger trigger 20. The movement of the split arm 90 is controlled, as explained above, by the rotation of the motor 65. When the slotted arm 90 rotates in the direction counterclockwise as ring 84 travels from the adjacent end of the helical gear drum 80 to the distal end, the middle cable piece 104 will be free to rotate counterclockwise. Thus, as the user removes the trigger 20, the trigger 20 will engage the front movement stop 107 of the middle cable piece 104, causing the middle cable piece 104 to rotate counterclockwise. Due to the backing panel 106 that engages the slotted arm 90, however, the middle cable piece 104 will only be able to rotate counterclockwise as far as the slotted arm 90 allows. Thus, if the motor 65 stops turning for some reason, the slotted arm 90 will stop rotating, and the user will not be able to further remove the trigger trigger 20, due to the fact that the middle cable piece 104 is not free to rotate counterclockwise due to the slotted arms 90.
[0072] Figures 10A and 10B illustrate two states of a variable sensor that can be used as the operating motor sensor 110. Sensor 110 may include a face portion 280, a first electrode (A) 282, a second electrode (B) 284, and a compressible dielectric material 286 between electrodes 282 and 284, such as, for example, an electroactive polymer (EAP). The sensor 110 can be positioned so that the face portion 280 contacts the trigger trigger 20 when retracted. Consequently, when the trigger trigger 20 is retracted, the dielectric material 286 is compressed, as shown in Figure 10B, so that electrodes 282 and 284 are closer together. Since the distance b between electrodes 282 and
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10/212
284 is directly related to the impedance between electrodes 282 and 284, the greater the distance, the greater the impedance, and the shorter the distance, the lower the impedance. In this way, the amount of compression of the dielectric material 286 caused by the retraction of the trigger trigger 20 (denoted as force F in Figure 42) is proportional to the impedance between electrodes 282 and 284, which can be used to proportionally control the motor 65.
[0073] The components of an exemplary closing system for closing (or fixing) the fixed claw 24 of the end effector 12 by retracting the closing trigger 18 are also shown in Figures 7 to 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the closing system includes a fork 250 connected to the closing trigger 18 by a pivot pin 251 inserted through openings aligned in both the closing trigger 18 and the fork 250. A pivot pin 252, around which the pivot closing trigger 18, is inserted through from another opening in the closing trigger 18 that is offset from where pin 251 is inserted in the closing trigger 18. In this way, the retraction of the closing trigger 18 causes the upper part of the closing trigger 18 to which fork 250 is fixed through pin 251, turn counterclockwise. The distal end of the fork 250 is connected, through a pin 254, to a first closing bracket 256. The first closing bracket 256 connects to a second closing bracket 258. Collectively, closing brackets 256 and 258 define a opening in which the adjacent end of the adjacent closing tube 40 (see Figure 4) is seated and maintained so that the longitudinal movement of the closing brackets 256 and 258 generates longitudinal movement through the adjacent closing tube 40. Instrument 10 also includes , a closing rod 260 disposed within the adjacent closing tube 40. The closing rod 260
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22/102 may include an opening 261 within which a column 263 in one of the outer parts of the cable, such as the outer lower side part 59 in the illustrated embodiment, is arranged to securely connect the closing rod 260 to the cable 6. This way In this way, the adjacent closing tube 40 is able to move longitudinally in relation to the closing rod 260. The closing rod 260 may also include a distal collar 267 that fits within a cavity 269 in the adjacent structuring tube 46 and it is held there by a cover 271 (see Figure 4).
[0074] In operation, when the fork 250 rotates due to the retraction of the closing trigger 18, the closing clamps 256, 258 cause the adjacent closing tube 40 to move distally (that is, in the direction away from the cable end of the instrument 10), which causes the distal closing tube 42 to move distally, which causes the anvil 24 to rotate around the pivot pins 25 to the closed or secured position. When the closing trigger 18 is unlocked from the locked position, the adjacent closing tube 40 is caused to slide approximately, which causes the distal closing tube 42 to slide approximately, which, due to the flap 27 which is inserted in the window 45 of the distal closing tube 42, causes the anvil 24 to pivot around the pivot pins 25 to the open or non-clamped position. In this way, by retracting and locking the closing trigger 18, an operator can secure the fabric between the fixed claw 24 and the groove 22, and can loosen the fabric after the cutting / stapling operation by unlocking the closing trigger 20 from the position locked.
[0075] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of an electrical circuit of the instrument 10, according to various modalities of the present invention. When an operator initially pulls trigger trigger 20 after locking trigger lock 18, sensor 110
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23/102 is activated allowing current to flow through it. If the normally open switch 130 of the motor reversal sensor is open (meaning that the end effector end of stroke has not been reached), current will flow to a single-pole, double-actuated relay 132. Like the reversal of motor 130 is not closed, inductor 134 of relay 132 will not be energized, so relay 132 will be in its non-energized state. The circuit also includes a cartridge lock sensor 136. If end effector 12 includes a staple cartridge 34, sensor 136 will be in the closed state, allowing current to flow. Otherwise, if end effector 12 does not include a staple cartridge 34, sensor 136 will be open, thereby preventing battery 64 from energizing motor 65.
[0076] When staple cartridge 34 is present, sensor 136 is closed, which energizes a single pole relay and single drive 138. When relay 138 is energized, current flows through relay 136, through the resistor sensor variable 110, up to motor 65 through a double pole relay and double drive 140, thus energizing motor 65 and allowing it to turn in a progressive direction.
[0077] When the end effector 12 reaches the end of its travel, the reversal sensor of motor 130 will be activated, thus closing switch 130 and energizing relay 134. This causes relay 134 to assume its energized state ( not shown in Figure 13) which causes the current to bypass the cartridge locking sensor 136 and variable resistor 110, and instead causes the current to flow into the normally closed double-pole and double-drive relay 142 and back to motor 65, but through relay 140, which causes motor 65 to reverse its rotational direction.
[0078] Because the motor stop sensor switch 142 is normally closed, current will flow back to relay 134 to
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24/102 keep it closed until key 142 opens. When knife 32 is fully retracted, the engine stop sensor switch 142 is activated, causing switch 142 to open, thereby removing power from engine 65.
[0079] In other modalities, instead of a proportional type 110 sensor, an on-off type sensor can be used. In such modalities, the rate of rotation of the engine 65 would not be proportional to the force applied by the operator. Instead, engine 65 would generally rotate at a constant rate. But the operator would still feel force feedback because the trigger 20 is installed on the gear drive train.
[0080] Figure 12 is a side view of the cable 6 of a motorized cutter powered according to another modality. The modality of Figure 12 is similar to that of Figures 7 to 10 except that in the modality of Figure 12, there is no slotted arm connected to the threaded ring 84 on the helical gear drum 80. Instead, in the modality of Figure 12, ring 84 includes a sensing portion 114 that moves with ring 84 as ring 84 advances downward (and back) on the helically geared drum 80. Sensing portion 114 includes a notch 116. The reversing sensor of the motor 130 can be located at the distal end of the notch 116 and the motor stop sensor 142 can be located at the adjacent end of the notch 116. As ring 84 moves below the drum with helical gear 80 (and back), the sensor portion 114 moves with it. In addition, as shown in Figure 12, the intermediate piece 104 may have an arm 118 that extends into the notch 12.
[0081] In operation, as an operator of the instrument 10 retracts the trigger trigger 20 towards the pistol grip 26, the motor operation sensor 110 detects the movement and sends
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25/102 a signal to energize the motor 65, which causes, among other things, the drum with helical gear 80 to rotate. As the helical gear drum 80 rotates, the threaded ring 84 on the helical gear drum 80 moves forward (or retracts, depending on the rotation). Furthermore, due to the pulling of the trigger trigger 20, the middle piece 104 is caused to rotate counterclockwise with the trigger trigger 20 due to the front movement stop 107 that engages the trigger trigger 20. Rotation in the anti-direction -time of the middle piece 104 causes the arm 118 to rotate counterclockwise with the sensor portion 114 of the ring 84 so that the arm 118 is arranged in the notch 116. When the ring 84 reaches the distal end of the drum with helical gear 80, the arm 118 will come into contact and thus activate the reversal sensor of the motor 130. Similarly, when the ring 84 reaches the adjacent end of the drum with helical gear 80, the arm will come into contact and thus , activate the engine stop sensor 142. Such actions can reverse and stop the engine 65, respectively as described above.
[0082] Figure 13 is a side view of the cable 6 of a motorized cutter powered according to another modality. The embodiment of Figure 13 is similar to that of Figures 7 to 10 with the exception that in the embodiment of Figure 13, there is no gap in the arm 90. Instead, the ring 84 threaded on the drum with helical gear 80 includes a vertical channel 126 Instead of a slot, the arm 90 includes a column 128 which is arranged in the channel 126. As the helical gear drum 80 rotates, the threaded ring 84 on the helical gear drum 80 advances (or retracts, depending on the rotation). The arm 90 rotates counterclockwise as the ring 84 advances due to the column 128 that is arranged in the channel 126, as shown in Figure 13.
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26/102 [0083] As mentioned above, when using a motorized two-stroke instrument, the operator first pulls back and locks the closing trigger 18. Figures 14 and 15 show a modality of a way to lock the trigger. closing 18 to the pistol grip portion 26 of the cable 6. In the illustrated embodiment, the pistol grip portion 26 includes a hook 150 which is oriented to rotate counterclockwise around a pivot point 151 by a torsion spring 152. In addition, the closing trigger 18 includes a closing bar 154. As the operator removes the closing trigger 18, the closing bar 154 engages an inclined portion 156 of the hook 150, thus rotating the hook 150 upwards (or clockwise in Figures 14 to 15) until the closing bar 154 completely passes the inclined portion 156 into a recessed slot 158 of the hook 150, which locks the closing trigger 18 in place. The operator can release the closing trigger 18 by pressing a release slide button 160 on the rear or opposite of the pistol grip portion 26. Pushing down the slide button release 160 rotates the hook 150 clockwise. so that the closing bar 154 is released from the recessed notch 158.
[0084] Figure 16 shows another locking mechanism for the closing trigger according to several modalities. In the embodiment of Figure 16, the closing trigger 18 includes a wedge 160 provided with an arrowhead portion 161. The arrowhead portion 161 is oriented downwards (or clockwise) by a spring bundle 162. The wedge 160 and the leaf spring 162 can be produced from, for example, molded plastic. When the closing trigger 18 is retracted, the arrowhead portion 161 is inserted through an opening 164 in the pistol grip portion 26 of the cable 6. A lower chamfered surface 166 of the
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27/102 arrowhead 161 engages a lower side wall 168 of aperture 164, forcing arrowhead portion 161 to rotate counterclockwise. Eventually, the lower chamfered surface 166 completely passes the lower side wall 168, removing the counterclockwise force on the arrowhead portion 161, causing the lower side wall 168 to slide into a locked position in a notch 170 behind the arrowhead portion 161.
[0085] To unlock the closing trigger 18, a user presses down a button 172 on the opposite side of the closing trigger 18, causing the arrowhead portion 161 to rotate counterclockwise and allowing the arrow head 161 slide out of opening 164.
[0086] Figures 17 to 22 show a mechanism for locking the closing trigger according to another modality. As shown in this embodiment, the closing trigger 18 includes a flexible longitudinal arm 176 that includes a side pin 178 that extends therefrom. The arm 176 and the pin 178 can be produced from molded plastic, for example. The pistol grip portion 26 of the cable 6 includes an opening 180 with a laterally extending wedge 182 disposed therein. When the closing trigger 18 is retracted, pin 178 engages wedge 182, and pin 178 is forced downward (i.e., arm 176 is rotated clockwise) by the bottom surface 184 of wedge 182, as shown in Figures 17 and 18. When pin 178 passes completely through the bottom surface 184, the clockwise force on arm 176 is removed, and pin 178 is rotated counterclockwise so that pin 178 comes to rest in a notch. 186 behind the wedge 182, as shown in Figure 19, thereby locking the closing trigger 18. The pin 178 is additionally held in place by the flexible stop 188 extending from the wedge 184.
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28/102 [0087] To unlock the closing trigger 18, the operator can also squeeze the closing trigger 18, causing pin 178 to engage an inclined rear wall 190 of opening 180, forcing pin 178 upward after the flexible stop 188, as shown in Figures 20 and 21. Pin 178 is then free to go out of an upper channel 192 in opening 180 so that the closing trigger 18 is no longer attached to the pistol grip portion 26, as shown in Figure 22.
[0088] Figures 23A and B show a universal joint (u-joint) 195. The second part 195-2 of the u-joint 195 rotates in a horizontal plane on which the first part 195-1 rests. Figure 23A shows the u-joint 195 in a linear orientation (180 °) and Figure 23B shows the u-joint 195 in an approximately 150 ° orientation. The u-joint 195 can be used instead of bevel gears 52a-c (see Figure 4, for example) at pivot point 14 of the main drive shaft assembly to pivot end effector 12. Figures 24A-B show a torsion cable 197 that can be used instead of bevel gears 52a-ce of the u-joint 195 to pivot end effector 12.
[0089] Figures 25 to 31 illustrate another modality of a powered two-stroke powered cutting and clamping surgical instrument 10. The embodiment of Figures 25 to 31 is similar to that of Figures 6 to 10 with the exception that instead of the helical gear drum 80, the embodiment of Figures 23 to 28 includes an alternate gear driver assembly. The embodiment of Figures 25 to 31 includes a gearbox assembly 200 including several gears arranged in a frame 201, the gears being connected between planetary gear 72 and pinion gear 124 at the adjacent end of the drive shaft 48. As further explained below, the box set
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29/102 gear 200 provides feedback to the user via trigger trigger 20 with respect to the position and loading force of end effector 12. In addition, the user can power the system through gear box assembly 200 to assist in positioning of the end effector 12. In this sense, like the modalities described above, the modality of Figures 23 to 32 is or energy-assisted motorized instrument 10 that provides feedback to the user regarding the loading force experienced by the instrument.
[0090] In the illustrated embodiment, the trigger 20 includes two parts: a portion of the main body 202 and a hardening portion 204. The portion of the main body 202 can be produced from plastic, for example, and the portion of hardening 204 can be produced from a more rigid material, such as metal. In the illustrated embodiment, the hardening portion 204 is adjacent to the main body portion 202, but according to other embodiments, the hardening portion 204 can be arranged within the main body portion 202. A pivot pin 207 can be inserted via openings in the trigger trigger parts 202 and 204 and can be the point around which trigger trigger 20 rotates. In addition, a spring 222 can guide the trigger trigger 20 to rotate in a counterclockwise direction. The spring 222 can have a distal end connected to a pin 224 which is connected to parts 202 and 204 of the trigger trigger 20. The adjacent end of the spring 222 can be connected to one of the lower external side parts of the cable 59 and 60.
[0091] In the illustrated embodiment, both the main body portion 202 and the hardening portion 204 include gear portions 206 and 208 (respectively) in their upper end portions. Gear portions 206 and 208 engage a gear in gearbox assembly 200, as explained
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30/102 from below, to direct the main drive shaft assembly and provide feedback to the user regarding the positioning of end effector 12.
[0092] The gearbox assembly 200 may include, as shown in the illustrated embodiment, six (6) gears. A first gear 210 of gearbox assembly 200 engages gear portions 206 and 208 of trigger trigger 20. Furthermore, first gear 210 engages a second smaller gear 212, the second smaller gear 212 being coax with a third gear larger 214. The third gear 214 engages a fourth smaller gear 216, the fourth smaller gear being coaxial with a fifth gear 218. The fifth gear 218 is a 90 ° beveled gear and ngata a corresponding 90 ° bevel gear 220 (best shown in Figure 31) which is connected to the pinion gear 124 which directs the main drive shaft 48.
[0093] In operation, when the user retracts the trigger trigger 20, a motor functioning sensor (not shown) is activated, which can provide a signal for the motor 65 to rotate at a rate proportional to the extension or force with the which the operator is retracting the trigger trigger 20. This causes the motor 65 to rotate at a speed proportional to the sensor signal. The sensor is not shown for this mode, but it can be similar to the engine 110 operating sensor described above. The sensor may be located on cable 6 so that it is pressed when trigger trigger 20 is retracted. In addition, instead of a proportional type sensor, an on / off type sensor can be used.
[0094] The rotation of the motor 65 causes the bevel gear 68, 70 to rotate, which causes the planetary gear 72 to rotate, which makes, through the drive shaft 76, the gear
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31/102 of ring 122 rotate. The ring gear 122 is interwoven with the pinion gear 124, which is connected to the main drive shaft 48. In this way, the rotation of the pinion gear 124 directs the main drive shaft 48, which generates the drive of the cutting operation / end effector clamping 12. [0095] The forward rotation of the pinion gear 124, in turn, causes the bevel gear 220 to rotate, which causes the first gear 210 to rotate through the rest of the gears of the gearbox assembly 200. The first gear 210 engages the gear portions 206 and 208 of the trigger trigger 20, thereby causing the trigger trigger 20 to rotate counterclockwise when the motor 65 provides drive front to end effector 12 (and to rotate counterclockwise when engine 65 turns in reverse to retract end effector 12). In this way, the user perceives feedback regarding the loading force and the positioning of the end effector 12 through the user's grip on the trigger.
20. In this way, when the user retracts the trigger 20, the operator will feel a resistance related to the load force felt by the end effector 12. Similarly, when the operator releases the trigger 20 after the operation of cutting / stapling so that it can return to its original position, the user will experience a clockwise rotation force from the trigger trigger 20 which is generally proportional to the reverse speed of the motor 65.
[0096] It should also be noted that in this mode the user can apply force (instead of or in addition to the motor force 65) to drive the main drive shaft assembly (and consequently the cutting / stapling operation of the end 12) through the retraction of the trigger trigger 20. That is, the retraction
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32/102 of the trigger trigger 20 causes the gear portions 206 and 208 to rotate counterclockwise, which causes the gears of the gearbox assembly 200 to rotate, thereby causing the gear of pinion 124 rotate, which causes the main drive rod 48 to rotate.
[0097] Although not shown in Figures 25 to 31, instrument 10 can also include sensors for reversing the engine and stopping the engine. As described above, the reverse motor and stop motor sensors can detect, respectively, the end of the cutting stroke (complete positioning of the knife 32) and the end of the retraction operation (complete retraction of the knife 32). A circuit similar to that described above with respect to Figure 11 can be used to properly power the motor 65.
[0098] Figures 32 to 36 illustrate a motorized surgical instrument for cutting and fixing two strokes 10 energized according to another modality. The embodiment of Figures 32 to 36 is similar to that of Figures 25 to 31 with the exception that in the embodiment of Figures 32 to 36, the trigger 20 includes a lower portion 228 and an upper portion 230. Both portions 228 and 230 they are connected to and rotate around a pivot pin 207 which is arranged in each portion 228 and 230. The upper portion 230 includes a gear portion 232 which engages the first gear 210 of the gearbox assembly 200. The spring 222 is connected to the upper portion 230 so that the upper portion is oriented in a clockwise direction. The upper portion 230 may also include a lower arm 234 that contacts a lower surface of the lower portion 228 of the trigger trigger 20 so that when the upper portion 230 is caused to rotate clockwise, the lower portion 228 also rotates clockwise, and when the lower portion 228 rotates counterclockwise the upper portion 230 also rotates counterclockwise
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33/102 hours. Similarly, the lower portion 228 includes a rotational stop 238 that engages a bulkhead of the upper portion 230. Thus, when the upper portion 230 is caused to rotate counterclockwise, the lower portion 228 also rotates counterclockwise. , and when the lower portion 228 rotates clockwise the upper portion 230 also rotates clockwise.
[0099] The illustrated mode also includes the engine operation sensor 110, which communicates a signal to the engine 65, which, in various modalities, can cause the engine 65 to rotate at a speed proportional to the force applied by the operator when retracting the trigger trigger 20. Sensor 110 can be, for example, a rheostat or some other variable resistance sensor, as explained above. In addition, instrument 10 may include a reverse motor sensor 130 which is blocked or switched when contacted by a front face 242 of the upper portion 230 of trigger trigger 20. When activated, the motor reversal sensor 130 sends a signal to the motor 65 to reverse the direction. In addition, instrument 10 may include an engine stop sensor 142 that is activated or actuated when it comes into contact with the lower portion 228 of trigger trigger 20. When activated, engine stop sensor 142 sends a signal to stop reverse engine rotation 65.
[00100] In operation, when an operator retracts the closing trigger 18 to the locked position, the trigger trigger 20 is slightly retracted (through mechanisms known in the art, including US patent No. 6,978,921, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT INCORPORATING AN E-BEAM FIRING MECHANISM, and US Patent No. 6,905,057, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT INCORPORATING AFIRING MECHANISM HAVING A LINKED RACK TRANSMISSION, the description of which is incorporated herein by reference) so that the user can
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34/102 hold the trigger trigger 20 to start the cutting / stapling operation, as shown in Figures 32 and 33. At this point, as shown in Figure 33, the gear portion 232 of the upper portion 230 of the trigger trigger 20 is moves in engagement with the first gear 210 of gearbox assembly 200. When the operator retracts trigger trigger 20, according to various modalities, trigger trigger 20 can rotate a little, like five degrees, before activating the engine operating sensor 110, as shown in Figure 34. Activation of sensor 110 causes engine 65 to rotate forward at a rate proportional to the retraction force applied by the operator. The forward rotation of the motor 65 causes, as described above, the main drive shaft 48 to rotate, which causes the knife 32 in the end effector 12 (i.e., to start to pass through the channel 22). The rotation of pinion gear 124, which is connected to the main drive shaft 48, causes gears 210 to 220 in the gearbox assembly 200 to rotate. Since the first gear 210 is in engagement with the gear portion 232 of the upper portion 230 of the trigger trigger 20, the upper portion 232 is driven to rotate counterclockwise, which causes the lower portion 228 to also rotate counterclockwise.
[00101] When knife 32 is fully positioned (that is, at the end of the cutting stroke), the front face 242 of the upper portion 230 activates the motor reversal sensor 130, which sends a signal to the motor 65 to reverse the direction rotational. This causes the main drive shaft assembly to reverse the rotational direction to retract knife 32. Reverse rotation of the main drive shaft assembly also causes gears 210 through 220 in the gearbox assembly to shift in the direction reverse, which causes the upper portion 230 of the trigger trigger 20 to rotate
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35/102 of the time, which causes the lower portion 228 of the trigger trigger 20 to rotate clockwise until the lower portion 228 travels or acts on the stop motor sensor 142 when the knife 32 is completely retracted, the that causes engine 65 to stop. In this way, the user perceives feedback regarding the positioning of the end effector 12 through the user's grip on the trigger trigger 20. In this way, when the user retracts the trigger trigger 20, the operator will feel a resistance related to the positioning the end effector 12, and in particular, the loading force felt by the knife 32. Similarly, when the operator releases the trigger trigger 20 after the cutting / stapling operation so that it can return to its original position, the user will experience a clockwise rotation force from the trigger 20 which is generally proportional to the reverse speed of the motor 65.
[00102] It should also be noted that in this mode the user can apply force (instead of or in addition to the motor force 65) to drive the main drive shaft assembly (and consequently the cutting / stapling operation of the end 12) through the retraction of the trigger trigger 20. That is, the retraction of the trigger trigger 20 causes the gear portion 232 of the upper portion 230 to rotate counterclockwise, which causes the gears of the assembly of gearbox 200 thereby rotate, causing pinion gear 124 to rotate, which causes the main drive rod assembly to rotate.
[00103] The modalities described above employed energy-assisted feedback systems, with or without adaptive control (for example, with the use of a sensor 110, 130 and 142 outside the closed circuit system of the motor 65, gear drive train , and end effector 12) for a fixation instrument and
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36/102 motorized surgical cut of two strokes. That is, the force applied by the user in retracting the trigger trigger 20 can be added to the force applied by the motor 65 by the fact that the trigger trigger 20 is engaged (directly or indirectly) to the gear drive train between the motor 65 and the main drive shaft 48. In other embodiments, tactile feedback regarding the position of the knife 32 on the end effector can be provided to the user, but without having the trigger trigger 20 engaged in the gear drive train. Figures 37 to 40 illustrate a motorized surgical instrument for cutting and fixing with said position tactile feedback system.
[00104] In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 37 to 40, the trigger trigger 20 may have a lower portion 228 and an upper portion 230, similarly to instrument 10 shown in Figures 32 to 36. Unlike the embodiment of Figures 32 to 36 however, the upper portion 230 does not have a gear portion that matches a part of the gear drive train. Instead, the instrument includes a second engine 265 with a threaded rod 266 threaded on it. Threaded rod 266 moves longitudinally in and out of motor 265 while motor 265 rotates, depending on the direction of rotation. The instrument 10 also includes an encoder 268 that responds to the rotations of the main drive shaft 48 to translate the incremental angular movement of the main drive shaft 48 (or another component of the main drive assembly) into a corresponding series of digital signals, for example. In the illustrated embodiment, pinion gear 124 includes a proximal drive shaft 270 that connects to encoder 268.
[00105] Instrument 10 also includes a control circuit (not shown), which can be implemented using a micro
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37/102 controller or some other type of integrated circuit, which receives digital signals from encoder 268. Based on the signals from encoder 268, the control circuit can calculate knife positioning stage 32 at end effector 12. This is , the control circuit can calculate whether knife 32 is fully positioned, completely retracted, or in an intermittent stage. Based on the calculation of the positioning stage of end effector 12, the control circuit can send a signal to the second motor 265 to control its rotation, thereby controlling the reciprocating movement of the threaded rod 266.
[00106] In operation, as shown in Figure 37, when the closing trigger 18 is not locked in the closed position, the trigger trigger 20 is rotated away from the pistol grip portion 26 of the cable 6 so that the front face 242 of the upper portion 230 of the trigger trigger 20 does not come into contact with the adjacent end of the threaded rod 266. When the operator retracts the closing trigger 18 and locks it in the closed position, the trigger trigger 20 rotates slightly towards the trigger closure 20 so that the operator can hold the trigger trigger 20, as shown in Figure 38. In this position, the front face 242 of the upper portion 230 comes into contact with the adjacent end of the threaded rod 266.
[00107] As the user then retracts the trigger trigger 20, after an initial rotational amount (for example, 5 degrees of rotation), the operating motor sensor 110 can be activated so that, as explained above, the sensor 110 sends a signal to motor 65 to cause it to rotate at a forward speed proportional to the amount of retraction force applied by the operator to the trigger trigger 20. The forward rotation of motor 65 causes the main drive shaft 48 rotate through the starter train
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38/102 gear, which causes knife 32 and rail 33 to descend through channel 22 and cut the tissue trapped in end effector 12. The control circuit receives output signals from encoder 268 related to the set's incremental speeds of the main drive rod and sends a signal to the second motor 265 to cause the second motor 265 to rotate, which causes a threaded rod 266 to retract on motor 265. This allows the upper portion 230 of the trigger trigger 20 rotate counterclockwise, which allows the lower portion 228 of the trigger to also rotate counterclockwise. Thus, because the reciprocating movement of the threaded rod 266 is related to the rotations of the main drive shaft assembly, the operator of the instrument 10, through his grip on the trigger trigger 20, feels a tactile feedback regarding the position of the end 12. The retraction force applied by the operator, however, does not directly affect the direction of the main drive shaft assembly because the trigger trigger 20 is not engaged with the gear drive train in this mode.
[00108] Due to the tracking of the incremental rotations of the main drive shaft assembly through the output signals from encoder 268, the control circuit can calculate when knife 32 is fully positioned (that is, fully extended). At this point, the control circuit can send a signal to motor 65 to reverse the direction to cause knife 32 to retract. The reverse direction of motor 65 causes the rotation of the main drive shaft assembly to change direction, which is also detected by encoder 268. Based on the reverse rotation detected by encoder 268, the control circuit sends a signal to the second motor 265 to change the rotational direction so that the threaded rod 266 begins to extend longitudinally across from the
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39/102 motor 265. This movement forces the upper portion 230 of the trigger trigger 20 to rotate clockwise, which causes the lower portion 228 to rotate clockwise. In this way, the operator can experience a clockwise force from the trigger trigger 20, which provides feedback to the operator as to the retraction position of the knives 32 on the end effector 12. The control circuit can determine when the knife 32 is completely retracted. At this point, the control circuit can send a signal to motor 65 for rotation.
[00109] According to other modalities, instead of the control circuit determining the position of the knife 32, the motor reversal and motor stop sensors can be used, as described above. In addition, instead of using a proportional sensor 110 to control the rotation of the motor 65, an on / off switch or sensor can be used. In this mode, the operator would not be able to control the rotation rate of the engine 65. Instead, it would rotate at a preprogrammed rate.
[00110] Figures 41 to 43 illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a mechanically actuated cutter and, in particular, the cable 6, the stem 8 and the end effector 12 thereof. Additional details of a mechanically actuated cutter can be found in US Patent No. 7,083,075, entitled MULTI-STROKE FIRING MECHANISM WITH AUTOMATIC END OF STROKE RETRACTION, the entire description of which is incorporated in this document by reference. Referring to Figure 41, end effector 12 responds to the closing movement of cable 6 (not shown in Figure 41) first by including an anvil face 1002 that connects to a proximal end of anvil 1004 that includes pivot pins anvil protruding laterally 25 which are proximal to a vertically protruding anvil flap 27.
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40/102
The anvil pivot pins 25 run inside the kidney-shaped openings 1006 in the clamp groove 22 to open and close the anvil 24 in relation to the groove 22. The flap 27 engages a flexed flap 1007 that extends inwardly into the opening of the flap 45 at a distal end 1008 of the closing tube 1005, the last of which ends distally at a distal edge 1008 that pushes against the anvil face 1002. Thus, when the closing tube 1005 moves proximally from in its open position, the flexed flap 1007 of the closing tube 1005 pulls the anvil flap 27 proximally, and the anvil pivot pins 25 follow the kidney-shaped openings 1006 of the clamp groove 22 causing the anvil 24 to travel simultaneously proximally and lift to the open position. When the closing tube 1005 moves distally, the flexed flap 1007 in the opening of the flap 45 is released from the anvil flap 27 and the distal edge 1008 pushes the anvil face 1002, closing the anvil 24.
[00111] In continued reference to Figure 41, rod 8 and end effector 12 also include components that respond to a firing motion of a firing rod 1010. In particular, firing rod 1010 swivels a member firing recess 1012 which has a longitudinal recess 1014. The firing recess member 1012 moves longitudinally within the frame 1016 in direct response to the longitudinal movement of the firing rod 1010. A longitudinal slot 1018 in the closing tube 1005 engages with operable to the left and right outer cable parts 61 and 62 of cable 6 (not shown in Figure 41). The length of the longitudinal slot 1018 in the closing tube 1005 is long enough to allow the relative longitudinal movement with the cable parts 61 and 62 to perform the closing and firing movements respectively with the coupling
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41/102 cable parts 61 and 62 passing through a longitudinal slot 1020 in the frame 1016 to slide the longitudinal recess 1014 in the frame member 1012 slidably. [00112] The distal end of the frame member 1012 is attached to a proximal end of an ignition bar 1022 that moves within the frame 1016, specifically within a guide 1024 therein, to project the knives 32 into the end effector 12 distally. end 12 includes a staple cartridge 34 which is actuated by knife 32. staple cartridge 34 has a tray 1028 that contains a staple cartridge body 1030, a wedge sliding support driver 33, staple drivers 1034 and staples 1036 It will be understood that the wedge sliding support driver 33 moves longitudinally within a firing recess (not shown) located between cartridge tray 1028 and c cartridge slot 1030. The wedge sliding support driver 33 has cam surfaces that come into contact and lift the 1034 clip drivers upwards, driving the 1036 clips. The 1030 clip cartridge body additionally includes an open vertical slot of proximal way 1031 for passing knife 32. Specifically, a cutting surface 1027 is provided along a distal end of knife 32 for cutting fabric after being stapled.
[00113] It should be understood that the stem 8 is shown in Figure 4 as a non-articulated stem. In any case, applications may include instruments capable of articulation, for example, as shown above with reference to Figures 1 to 4 and described in the following US patents and patent applications, whose descriptions are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety: (1) US Patent No. 7,111,769, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT INCORPORATING AN ARTICULATION MECHANISM HAVING ROTATION
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42/102
ABOUT THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS; (2) U.S. Patent No. 6,786,382, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT INCORPORATING AN ARTICULATION JOINT FOR A FIRING BAR TRACK; (3) U.S. Patent No. 6,981,628, entitled A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH A LATERAL-MOVING ARTICULATION CONTROL; (4) U.S. Patent No. 7,055,731, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT INCORPORATING A TAPERED FIRING BAR FOR INCREASED FLEXIBILITY AROUND THE ARTICULATION JOINT; and (5) U.S. Patent No. 6,964,363, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT HAVING ARTICULATION JOINT SUPPORT PLATES FOR SUPPORTING A FIRING BAR.
[00114] Figures 42 to 43 show a modality of cable 6 that is configured for use in a mechanically actuated cutter together with the modality of rod 8 and end effector 12 as shown above in Figure 41. It will be understood that any design of suitable cable can be used to mechanically close and fire end effector 12. In Figures 42 to 43, cable 6 of the surgical separation and stapling instrument 10 includes a connected transmission trigger mechanism 1060 that provides features such as increased strength, size reduced cable, minimized connection, etc.
[00115] The closing of the end effector 12 (not shown in Figures 42 to 43) is caused to depress the closing trigger 18 towards the handle of the pistol 26 of the cable 6. The closing trigger 18 hinges around a closing pivot pin 252 which is coupled to the lower left and right outer side parts 59 and 60 of the cable 6, causing an upper portion 1094 of the closing trigger 18 to move forward. The closing tube 1005 receives this closing movement through the closing fork 250, which is secured by pins in a closing link 1042 and
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43/102 in the upper portion 1094 of the closing trigger 18 respectively by a pin of the closing fork 1044 and a closing link pin 1046.
[00116] In the fully open position of Figure 42, the upper portion 1094 of the closing trigger 18 comes into contact and retains a locking arm 1048 of the pivoting closing release button 30 in the position shown. When the closing trigger 18 reaches its completely depressed position, the closing trigger 18 releases the locking arm 1048 and a contiguous surface 1050 rotates to form the engagement with a distal notch facing to the right 1052 from the pivoting locking arm 1048, retaining the closing trigger 18 in this closed or clamped position. A proximal end of the locking arm 1048 hinges around a side pivoting connection 1054 with parts 59 and 60 to expose the closing release button 30. An intermediate distal side 1056 of the closing release button 30 is raised proximal by a compression spring 1058, which is compressed between a housing structure 1040 and the closing release button 30. The result is that the closing release button 30 lifts the locking arm 1048 counterclockwise (when seen from the left) forming the locking contact with the contiguous surface 1050 of the closing trigger 18, which prevents the unlocking of the closing trigger 18 when the connected transmission trigger system 1040 is in an unretracted condition.
[00117] With the closing trigger 18 retracted and completely depressed, the trigger trigger 20 is unlocked and can be depressed towards the pistol handle 26, multiple times in this mode, to trigger the end effector 12. As shown , the connected transmission trigger mechanism 1060 is initially retracted, lifted to remain in this position by a spring
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44/102 compression / tension in combination 1062 which is constricted within the handle of the pistol 26 of the cable 6, with its non-movable end 1063 connected to parts 59 and 60 and a movable end 1064 connected to a proximal retracted end and flexed down 1067 of a 1066 steel band.
[00118] A distally disposed end 1068 of the steel band 1066 is attached to a link coupling 1070 for structural loading which, in turn, is attached to a front link 1072a of a plurality of links 1072a to 1072d forming a linked shelf 1074 The connected shelf 1074 is flexible and still has distal links that form a rigid linear shelf assembly that can transfer a significant firing force through the firing rod 1010 on axis 6, yet, readily retract on the pistol handle 26 to minimize the longitudinal length of the cable 6. It should be noted that the compression / tension spring in combination 1062 increases the amount of firing path available while essentially reducing the minimum length by half over a single spring.
[00119] The trigger trigger 20 hinges around a trigger trigger pin 96 that is connected to the cable parts 59 and 60. An upper portion 228 of the trigger trigger 20 moves distally around the trigger trigger pin. firing 96 as firing trigger 20 is depressed towards pistol grip 26, stretching a firing tension spring placed proximally 222 proximally connected between upper portion 228 of firing trigger 20 and parts 59 and 60. The upper portion 228 of the trigger trigger 20 engages the connected shelf 1074 during each trigger trigger depression by a pull mechanism 1078 which also disengages when the trigger trigger 20 is released. The trigger trigger tension spring 222 lifts the trigger trigger 20 distally when released and disengages the pull mechanism 1078.
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45/102 [00120] As the connected drive trigger mechanism 1040 operates, an intermediate gear 1080 is rotated clockwise (as viewed from the left side) through engagement with a bottom toothed surface 1082 of the connected shelf 1074. This rotation is coupled to an indicator gear 1084, which thus rotates counterclockwise in response to intermediate gear 1080. Both intermediate gear 1080 and indicator gear 1084 are swiveled to parts 59 and 60 of cable 6 The gear ratio between the connected shelf 1074, intermediate gear 1080 and indicator gear 1084 can be advantageously selected so that the bottom toothed surface 1082 has tooth dimensions that are suitably strong and that indicator gear 1084 does not exceed a revolution throughout the firing path of the connected transmission firing mechanism 106 0.
[00121] As described in more detail below, indicator gear 1084 performs at least four functions. First, when the linked shelf 1074 is fully retracted and both triggers 18 and 20 are open as shown in Figure 42, an opening 1086 in a circular ridge 1088 on the left side of indicator gear 1084 is presented at a bottom surface 1090 of the locking 1048. Locking arm 1048 is oriented into the opening 1086 through contact with the closing trigger 18 which, in turn, is lifted to the open position by a closing tension spring 1092. The locking spring closing trigger voltage 1092 is proximally connected to the upper portion 1094 of closing trigger 18 and cable parts 59 and 60 and thus has energy stored during closing of closing trigger 18 which lifts the closing trigger 18 distally to its unclosed position.
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46/102 [00122] A second function of indicator gear 1084 is that it is connected to the indication retract button 1096 externally disposed on cable 6. In this way, indicator gear 1084 communicates the relative position of trigger mechanism 1060 to the indication button 1096 so that the surgeon has a visual indication of how many strokes of the trigger 20 are needed to complete the shot.
[00123] A third function of indicator gear 1084 is to move longitudinally and angularly an anti-return release lever 1098 from an anti-return mechanism (one-way clamping mechanism) 1097 as the surgical stapling and separation instrument 10 is operated. During the firing strokes, the proximal movement of the anti-return release lever 1098 through the indicator gear 1084 activates the anti-return mechanism 1097 which allows the distal movement of the ignition bar 1010 and prevents the proximal movement of the ignition bar 1010. This movement also extends the non-return release button 1100 on the proximal end of the cable parts 59 and 60 for the operator to act, and there may be a need for the connected transmission trigger mechanism 1060 to be retracted during the firing strokes. Upon completion of the firing strokes, indicator gear 1084 reverses the direction of rotation as firing mechanism 1060 retracts. Reverse rotation disables the 1097 non-return mechanism, pulls the 1100 non-return release button on cable 6, and rotates the 1098 anti-return release lever laterally to the right to allow continuous reverse rotation of the 1084 indicator gear.
[00124] A fourth function of indicator gear 1084 is to receive a manual rotation of the indication retract button 1096 (clockwise in the presentation of Figure 42) to retract the trigger mechanism 1060 with the anti-return mechanism 1097 de
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47/102 locked, thus overcoming any connection in the trigger mechanism 1060 that is not readily overcome by the compression / tension spring in combination 1062. This manual retraction aid can be used after a partial trigger of the trigger mechanism 1060 which would otherwise, prevented by the non-return mechanism 1097 which extracts the anti-return release button 1100 so that the latter may not move the anti-return release lever 1098 sideways.
[00125] Continuing with Figures 42 to 43, the anti-return mechanism 1097 consists of the anti-return release lever accessible by the operator 1098 operably coupled at the end proximal to the anti-return release button 1100 and at the distal end to an anti-return fork 1102. In particular , a distal end 1099 of the non-return release lever 1098 is engaged with the anti-return fork 1102 by an anti-return fork pin 1104. The anti-return fork 1102 moves longitudinally to give a rotation to a non-return cam slit tube 1106 that is longitudinally constricted by the parts of cable 59 and 90 and which covers firing rod 1010 distally from firing rod connection 1010 for link coupling 1070 of connected shelf 1074. Anti-return fork 1102 communicates the longitudinal movement of the anti-return release lever 1098 through of a 1108 pa cam slot tube pin for the non-return cam slit tube 1106. That is, the longitudinal movement of the cam slit tube pin 1108 in an angled slit in the non-return cam slit tube 1106 rotates the non-return cam slit tube 1106.
[00126] Trapped between a proximal end of the frame 1016 and the non-return cam slit tube 1106 respectively are an anti-return compression spring 1110, an anti-return plate 1112, and an anti-return cam tube 1114. As shown,
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48/102 the proximal movement of the firing rod 1010 causes the anti-return plate 1112 to hinge from the top to the rear, presenting an increased frictional contact for the firing rod 1010 which additionally resists the proximal movement of the firing rod 1010.
[00127] This 1112 non-return plate hinges in a similar manner to that of a screen door lock that keeps a screen door open when the non-return cam slit tube 1106 is separated with close spacing from the 1114 non-return cam tube Specifically, the non-return compression spring 1110 is able to act on a top surface of the plate 1112 to tilt the non-return plate 1112 to its locked position. Rotation of the non-return cam slit tube 1106 causes a distal cam movement of the non-return cam tube 1114 thereby forcing the top of the non-return plate 1112 distally, overcoming the force of the non-return compression spring 1110, thereby positioning the non-return plate 1112 in an unlocked, non-tilted (perpendicular) position that allows proximal retraction of the 1010 firing stick.
[00128] With particular reference to Figure 43, the traction mechanism 1078 is shown to be composed of a tongue 1116 that has a narrow tip that protrudes distally 1118 and a lateral pin that protrudes to the right 1120 at its proximal end that it is rotationally inserted through a hole 1076 in the upper portion 230 of the trigger trigger 20. On the right side of the trigger trigger 20, the side pin 1120 receives an orientation member, shown as an orientation wheel 1122. According to the trigger of shot 20 moves back and forth, the guidance wheel 1122 crosses an arc adjacent to the part of the right half 59 of the cable 6, invading in its distal portion of the path an orientation ramp 1124 integrally formed in the part of the right half 59. The orien wheel
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49/102 tation 1122 can advantageously be formed from a resilient frictional material that induces an anti-clockwise rotation (when viewed from the left) on the side pin 1120 of the tongue 1116, thereby orienting the narrow tip with traction 1118 is projected distally downward on a central rail rising 1075 from the nearest link 1072a ad to engage the connected shelf 1074.
[00129] As the trigger trigger 20 is released, the guidance wheel 1122 orientates traction in this way, the tongue 1116 in the opposite direction, raising the narrow end 1118 of the rising central rail 1075 of the connected shelf 1074. To ensure disengagement of the tip 1118 under conditions of high load and in the almost complete distal path of the tongue 1116, the right side of the tongue 1116 rises on a beveled surface facing upwards and proximally 1126 on the right side of the closing fork 250 to disengage the narrow tip 1118 of the ascending central rail 1075. If the trigger trigger 20 is released at any point other than the full path, the guidance wheel 1122 is used to lift the narrow end 1118 of the ascending central rail 1075. Whereas a orientation 1122 is presented, it should be noted that the shape of the member or the guidance wheel 1122 is illustrative and can be varied to accommodate a variety of shapes that use friction or traction to engage or disengage the end effector 12 trigger.
[00130] Several modalities of the surgical instrument 10 have the ability to record instrument conditions at one or more times during use. Figure 44 shows a block diagram of a system 2000 to record conditions of instrument 10. It will be understood that system 2000 can be implemented in modalities of instrument 10 that have motor-assisted or motorized triggering, for example.
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50/102 example, as described above in reference to Figures 1 to 40, as well as modalities of the instrument 10 that have mechanically actuated triggering, for example, as described above in reference to Figures 41 to 43.
[00131] The 2000 system can include several sensors 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010 and 2012 to capture instrument conditions. The sensors can be positioned, for example, on or inside the instrument 10. In several modalities, the sensors can be dedicated sensors that provide output only for the 2000 system, or they can be dual-use sensors that perform other functions on the instrument 10 For example, sensors 110, 130 and 142 described above can be configured to also provide output for the 2000 system.
[00132] Directly or indirectly, each sensor provides a signal to the 2001 memory device, which records the signals as described in detail below. The 2001 memory device can be any type of device capable of storing or registering sensor signals. For example, the 2001 memory device may include a microprocessor, an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), or any other suitable storage device. The 2001 memory device can record the signals provided by the sensors in any suitable manner. For example, in one embodiment, memory device 2001 can register the signal from a particular sensor when that signal changes states. In another embodiment, the memory device 2001 can record a state of the 2000 system, for example, the signals from all sensors included in the 2000 system, when the signal from any sensor changes state. This can provide an abrupt change in the state of the instrument 10. In several modalities, the
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51/102 memory 2001 and / or sensors can be implemented to include 1-WIRE bus products available from DALLAS SEMICONDUCTOR such as, for example, 1-WIRE EEPROM.
[00133] In various embodiments, the 2001 memory device is externally accessible, allowing an external device, such as a computer, to access the instrument conditions recorded by the 2001 memory device. For example, the 2001 memory device may include a port 2020 data port. The 2020 data port can provide the instrument conditions stored according to any wired or wireless communication protocol in, for example, serial or parallel format. Memory device 2001 may also include removable media 2021 in addition to or instead of output port 2020. Removable media 2021 can be any type of suitable data storage device that can be removed from instrument 10. For example, the 2021 removable medium can include any suitable type of quick memory, such as an international personal computer memory card (PCMCIA) card, a COMPACTFLASH card, a MULTIMEDIA card, a FLASHMEDIA card, etc. Removable media 2021 may also include any suitable type of disk-based storage including, for example, a portable hard drive, a compact disc (CD), a digital video disc (DVD), etc.
[00134] The closing trigger sensor 2002 captures a condition of the closing trigger 18. Figures 45 and 46 show an exemplary modality of the closing trigger sensor 2002. In Figures 45 and 46, the closing trigger sensor 2002 is positioned between the closing trigger 18 and the closing pivot pin 252. It will be understood that pulling the closing trigger 18 towards the pistol handle 26 causes the closing trigger 18 to exert a force on the closing pivot pin 252 The 2002 sensor
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52/102 can be sensitive to this force, and generate a signal in response to this, for example, as described above in relation to sensor 110 and Figures 10A and 10B. In various embodiments, the closing trigger sensor 2002 can be a digital sensor that indicates only whether the closing trigger 18 is actuated or not. In other various embodiments, the closing trigger sensor 2002 can be an analog sensor that indicates the force exerted on the closing trigger 18 and / or the position of the closing trigger 18. If the closing trigger sensor 2002 is a sensor analog, an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) can be logically positioned between the 2002 sensor and the 2001 memory device. In addition, it will be understood that the 2002 closing trigger sensor can take any suitable form and be placed in any suitable location that allows the capture of the condition of the closing trigger.
[00135] The anvil closure sensor 2004 can pick up if the anvil 24 is closed. Figure 47 shows an example anvil closure sensor 2004. Sensor 2004 is positioned close to or within the kidney-shaped openings 1006 of clamp channel 22 as shown. As the anvil 24 is closed, the anvil pivot pins 25 slide through the kidney-shaped openings 1006 and form contact with the sensor 2004, causing the sensor 2004 to generate a signal indicating that the anvil 24 is closed. The 2004 sensor can be any suitable type of analog or digital sensor including a proximity sensor, etc. It will be understood that when the anvil closure sensor 2004 is an analog sensor, an analog to digital converter may be included logically between the sensor 2004 and the memory device 2001.
[00136] The 2006 anvil closing load sensor is shown
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53/102 auger placed on an interior bottom surface of the staple channel 22. In use, the 2006 sensor may be in contact with a bottom side of the staple cartridge 34 (not shown in Figure 46). As the anvil 24 is closed, this exerts a force on the staple cartridge 34 which is transferred to the sensor 2006. In response, the sensor 2006 generates a signal. The signal can be an analog signal proportional to the force exerted on the sensor 2006 by the staple cartridge 34 and due to the closure of the anvil 24. Referring to Figure 44, the analog signal can be provided for an analog to digital converter 2014, which converts the analog signal into a digital signal before supplying it to the 2001 memory device. It will be understood that the modalities in which the 2006 sensor is a digital or binary sensor that may not include an analog to digital converter 2014.
[00137] The trigger trigger sensor 110 captures the position and / or status of the trigger trigger 20. In motor-assisted or motorized modes of the instrument, the trigger trigger sensor can bend according to the 110 operating motor sensor described above. In addition, trigger trigger sensor 110 can take any of the forms described above, and can be analog or digital. Figures 45 and 46 show an additional mode of the trigger trigger sensor 110. In Figures 45 and 46, the trigger trigger sensor is mounted between the trigger trigger 20 and the pivot pin of the trigger trigger 96. When the trigger trigger 20 is pulled, this will exert a force on the pivot pin of the trigger trigger 96 which is picked up by sensor 110. Referring to Figure 44, in modalities where the trigger trigger sensor 110 output is analog, the analog to digital converter 2016 is included logically between the trigger trigger sensor 110 and the memory device 2001.
[00138] The knife position sensor 2008 captures the knife position
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54/102 or cutting surface 1027 within the clamp groove 22. Figures 47 and 48 show modalities of a knife position sensor 2008 that are suitable for use with the mechanically actuated shank 8 and end effector 12 shown in Figure 41. The 2008 sensor includes a 2009 magnet attached to the 1022 ignition bar of the instrument 10. A 2011 coil is positioned around the 1022 ignition bar, and can be installed, for example, along the longitudinal recess 1014 of the recess member. trip 1012 (see Figure 41). As knife 32 and cutting surface 1027 are alternated through clamp groove 22, ignition bar 1022 and magnet 2009 can move back and forth through the coil 2011. This movement in relation to the coil induces tension on the coil proportional to the position of the firing rod inside the coil and the cutting edge 1027 inside the clamp channel 22. This voltage can be supplied to the memory device 2001, for example, through the analog to digital converter 2018.
[00139] In several modalities, the knife position sensor 2008 can, instead, be implemented as a series of digital sensors (not shown) placed in various positions on or within the rod 8. The digital sensors can capture a resource of the ignition bar 1022 such as, for example, magnet 2009, as the feature alternates through the rod 8. The position of the ignition bar 1022 within the rod 8, and by extension, the position of the knife 32 within the clamp channel 22, can be approximated as the position of the last digital sensor traveled.
[00140] It will be understood that the knife position can also be captured in instrument modes 10 with an end effector driven by rotation 12 and the rod 8, for example, as described above, with reference to Figures 3 to 6. An encoder , like encoder 268, can be configured to generate a proportional signal
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55/102 nal to the rotations of the helical screw rod 36, or any drive rod or gear. Due to the fact that the rotation of the rod 36 and other driving rods and gears is proportional to the movement of the knife 32 through the channel 22, the signal generated by the encoder 268 is also proportional to the movement of the knife 32. Thus, the output encoder 268 can be provided for the 2001 memory device.
[00141] The 2010 cartridge presence sensor can pick up the presence of the staple cartridge 34 inside the staple channel 22. On motor-assisted or motorized instruments, the 2010 cartridge presence sensor can double as the cartridge lock sensor 136 described above with reference to Figure 11. Figures 50 and 51 show a modality of the cartridge presence sensor
2010. In the modality shown, the cartridge presence sensor 2010 includes two contacts, 2011 and 2013. When no cartridge 34 is present, the contacts 2011 and 2013 form an open circuit. When a cartridge 34 is present, the cartridge tray 1028 of the staple cartridge 34 comes into contact with the contacts 2011, 2013, a closed circuit is formed. When the circuit is open, the sensor 2010 can emit a logical zero. When the circuit is closed, the sensor 2010 can emit a logic one. The 2010 sensor output is provided for the 2001 memory device, as shown in Figure 44.
[00142] The cartridge condition sensor 2012 can indicate whether a cartridge 34 installed inside the clamp channel 22 has been triggered or worn. As the knife 32 is moved through the end effector 12, this pushes the sliding support 33, which fires the staple cartridge. Then, knife 32 is moved back to its original position, leaving the slide holder 33 at the distal end of the cartridge. Without the slide holder 33 to guide this, knife 32 can
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56/102 falls into locking pocket 2022. Sensor 2012 can pick up whether knife 32 is present in locking pocket 2022, which indirectly indicates whether cartridge 34 has been spent. It will be understood that in various embodiments, the sensor 2012 can directly capture the presence of the sliding support at the adjacent end of the cartridge 34, thereby eliminating the need for the knife 32 to fall into the locking pocket 2022.
[00143] Figures 52A and 52B show a process flow 2200 for operating modalities of the surgical instrument 10 configured as an endocutter and with the ability to record instrument conditions according to various modalities. In box 2202, anvil 24 of instrument 10 may be closed. This causes the closing trigger sensor 2002 and / or the anvil closing sensor 2006 to change the state. In response, memory device 2001 can record the status of all sensors in the system 2000 in box 2203. In box 2204, instrument 10 can be inserted into a patient. When the instrument is inserted, the anvil 24 can be opened or closed in box 2206, for example, to manipulate the tissue at the surgical site. Each opening and closing of the anvil 24 causes the closing trigger sensor 2002 and / or the anvil closing sensor 2004 to change the state. In response, memory device 2001 records system 2000 status in box 2205.
[00144] In box 2208, the fabric is attached to cut and staple. If anvil 24 is not closed in decision block 2210, continued gripping is required. If the anvil 24 is closed, then the sensors 2002, 2004 and / or 2006 can change the state, requesting that the memory device 2001 register the system state in box 2213. This register can include a closing pressure received from sensor 2006. In box 2212, cutting and stapling can occur. The trigger trigger sensor 110 can change
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57/102 the state as trigger trigger 20 is pulled towards the handle of gun 26. Furthermore, as knife 32 moves through clamp channel 22, knife position sensor 2008 will change the state. In response, the memory device 2001 can record the status of system 2000 in box 2213.
[00145] When the cutting and stapling operations are complete, knife 32 can return to a pre-firing position. Due to the fact that cartridge 34 has now been fired, knife 32 may fall into lock pocket 2022, changing the state of the cartridge condition sensor 2012 and triggering memory device 2001 to record system 2000 status in the box 2215. Anvil 24 can then be opened to make the fabric clear. This can cause one or more of the closing trigger sensor 2002, the anvil closing sensor 2004 and the anvil closing load sensor 2006 to change the state, resulting in a record of system 2000 status in box 2217 After the fabric is made clear, the anvil 24 can be closed again in box 2220. This causes another change of state for at least the sensors 2002 and 2004, which, in turn, causes the memory device 2001 to register the system status in box 2219. Then, instrument 10 can be removed from the patient in box 2222.
[00146] If instrument 10 is to be used again during the same procedure, the anvil can be opened in box 2224, triggering another record of the system state in box 2223. The spent cartridge 34 can be removed from end effector 12 in box 2226. This causes the cartridge presence sensor 2010 to change the state and causes a record of the system state in box 2225. Another cartridge 34 can be inserted in box 2228. This causes a change of state in the presence sensor of cartridge 2010 and a system state record in box 2227. If the other cartridge 34 is
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58/102 a new cartridge, indicated in decision block 2230, its insertion may also cause a change of state for the cartridge condition sensor 2012. In this case, the status of the system can be registered in box 2231.
[00147] Figure 53 shows an example memory map 2300 of the memory device 2001 according to various modalities. Memory map 2300 includes a series of columns 2302, 2304, 2306, 2308, 2310, 2312, 2314 and 2316 and rows (not identified). Column 2302 shows an event number for each row. The other columns represent the output of a sensor from the 2000 system. All sensor readings recorded at a given time can be recorded in the same row under the same event number. Therefore, each row represents an instance in which one or more of the signals from the 2000 system sensors are recorded.
[00148] Column 2304 lists the closing load recorded in each event. This may reflect the output of the 2006 anvil closing load sensor. Column 2306 lists the trigger stroke position. This can be derived from the knife position sensor 2008. For example, the total path of the knife 32 can be divided into partitions. The number mentioned in column 2306 can represent the partition where knife 32 is currently present. The firing load is mentioned in column 2308. This can be derived from the trigger trigger sensor 110. The knife position is mentioned in column 2310. The knife position can be derived from the knife position sensor 2008 similarly to the stroke. shooting. The possibility of anvil 24 being open or closed can be mentioned in column 2312. This value can be derived from the output of the anvil closing sensor 2004 and / or the anvil closing load sensor 2006. The possibility of the sliding support 33 is present, or if cartridge 34
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59/102 is spent, can be indicated in column 2314. This value can be derived from the cartridge condition sensor 2012. Finally, the possibility that cartridge 34 is present can be indicated in column 2316. This value can be derived from sensor cartridge presence
2010. It will be understood that several other values can be stored in the memory device 2001 including, for example, the end and beginning of the trigger courses, for example, as measured by sensors 130 and 142.
[00149] Figure 54 illustrates various modalities of a surgical instrument 300. The surgical instrument 300 may be similar to the surgical instrument 10 described earlier in this document, but it also includes a situation module 302 releasably connected to it. Although the status module 302 is shown in Figure 54 as being connected to the outer bottom side part 60 of the cable 6, it is understood that the status module 302 can be connected to the surgical instrument 300 at any suitable location. According to various modalities, the cable 6 of the surgical instrument 300 defines a structured recess and arranged to receive the status module 302.
[00150] The surgical instrument 300 comprises a plurality of sensors 304 (shown schematically in Figure 55), the plurality of sensors 304 including, for example, a joint angle sensor, an anvil position sensor, an cartridge, a closing trigger sensor, a closing force sensor, a firing force sensor, a knife position sensor, a locking condition sensor, or any combination thereof. Each sensor 304 can be in electrical communication with a different contact 306 (shown schematically in Figure 55) positioned adjacent to the exterior of the surgical instrument 300.
[00151] The 304 sensors can be incorporated in any way
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60/102 neira. For example, the pivot angle sensor can be incorporated as, for example, a potentiometer which comprises a portion of the pivot control 16 and emits a signal indicating the relative pivot angle of the end effector 12. The position sensor of anvil can be incorporated, for example, the anvil closure sensor 2004 described above; the cartridge sensor can be incorporated, for example, the cartridge presence sensor 2010 described above; the closing trigger sensor can be incorporated as, for example, the closing trigger sensor 2002 described above; the closing force sensor can be incorporated as, for example, the anvil closing load sensor 2006 described above; the trigger force sensor can be incorporated as, for example, the trigger trigger sensor 110 described above; the knife position sensor can be incorporated, for example, the knife position sensor 2008 described above; and the lock condition sensor can be incorporated as, for example, the cartridge lock sensor 136 or the cartridge presence sensor 2010 described above. Various modalities of surgical instruments are presented in US patent application serial number 11 / 343,803, entitled HAVING RECORDING CAPABILITIES surgical instrument, the entire description of which is incorporated herein by reference.
[00152] According to various modalities, the status module 302 comprises a housing 308 structured and arranged to releasably connect to the surgical instrument 300. The status module 308 comprises a plurality of contacts 310 (shown schematically in Figure 55) , each individual contact 310 being structured and arranged to be in electrical communication with a different sensor 304 of the surgical instrument 300 when the housing 308 is connected to the surgical instrument 300. For example, when
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61/102 the status module 302 is connected to the surgical instrument 300, each contact 310 of the status module 302 can be aligned with a corresponding corresponding contact 306 of the surgical instrument 300, thus placing each contact 310 of the status module 302 in electrical communication with a different sensor 304.
[00153] The status module 302 further comprises a circuit 312 (shown schematically in Figure 55) in communication with at least one of the contacts 310, and a plurality of indicators 314 (shown schematically in Figure 55). At least one of the indicators 314 is in electrical communication with circuit 312. Circuit 312 comprises a drive circuit, and is structured and arranged to drive at least one of indicators 314. According to various modalities, circuit 312 may contain, further, as shown schematically in Figure 55, a key 316, a counter 318, a transmitter 320 or any combination thereof.
[00154] The switch 316 is in electrical communication with at least one of the indicators 314, and can be used to disable the respective indicator 314 that is in electrical communication with this. According to various modalities, switch 316 may comprise a portion of status module 302 different from circuit 312, or a portion of surgical instrument 300 different from status module 302. For such modalities, switch 316 may be in electrical communication with circuit 312.
[00155] Counter 318 can be used to determine the number of shots, the number of shots remaining, the post-hold waiting time, etc. According to various embodiments, counter 318 may comprise a portion of status module 302 different from circuit 312. According to other embodiments, counter 318 may comprise a portion of different surgical instrument 300
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62/102 close to the status module 302. For such modalities, counter 318 may be in electrical communication with circuit 312.
[00156] Transmitter 320 can be used to wirelessly transmit information captured by the plurality of sensors 304 to a wireless receiver (not shown) associated with a monitor (not shown) that can be viewed by a user of the surgical instrument 300 while the user is performing a procedure. Information can be transmitted via wireless communication continuously or periodically. The displayed information may include, for example, firing progress information, compression load information, knife load information, number of shots, procedure time, compression delay time, battery level, etc. According to several other modalities, transmitter 320 may comprise a portion of status module 302 different from circuit 312, or a portion of surgical instrument 300 different from status module 302. For such modalities, transmitter 320 may be in electrical communication with circuit 312.
[00157] Figures 56 to 58 illustrate various modalities of status module 302. As shown, status module 302 can comprise different types of indicators 314. According to various modalities, indicators 314 can comprise one or more visual indicators such as , for example, a LED, a multi-colored LED, a screen, etc. or any combination thereof. The screen may comprise, for example, an alpha-numeric screen, a dot matrix screen, a liquid crystal screen, etc. According to various embodiments, at least one of the indicators 314 may comprise an audible indicator, for example, an audio output device. The audio output device can be incorporated as, for example, a loudspeaker, and can be in electrical communication with the switch 316. According to
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63/102 various modalities, indicators 314 may comprise at least one visual indicator and at least one audible indicator.
[00158] In operation, indicators 314 can provide audible or visual feedback to a user of surgical instrument 300. For example, as shown in Figure 56, an indicator 314 (for example, a light emitting diode) can be used to indicate if the closing trigger 18 is in the locked position, if a predetermined post-hold hold period has ended, if a staple cartridge 34 is loaded, etc. Different 314 indicators can emit different colors of light. As used in Figures 56 and 57, different shades indicate different colors. An indicator 314 (for example, a multi-colored light emitting diode) can be used to indicate multiple statuses for a particular function of the surgical instrument 300. For example, to indicate the status of the staple cartridge 34, a light emitting diode. multi-color light can emit green light if a loaded staple cartridge 34 is in channel 22, yellow light if a spent staple cartridge 34 is in channel 22, or red light if a staple cartridge 34 is not in channel 22. similarly, to indicate the state of a cutting force being exerted by the surgical instrument 300, a multi-color LED can emit green light if the cutting force being exerted is in a normal range, yellow light if the cutting force cut being exerted is in a high range, or red light if the cut force being exerted is in a high load range. It is understood that indicators 314 can be used to indicate multiple statuses of other functions of the surgical instrument 300, such as battery level.
[00159] As shown in Figure 56, a line of indicators 314 (for example, light-emitting diodes) can be used to indicate the progression of the knife 32, the percentage of the closing force
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64/102 maximum that is exerted, the percentage of the maximum firing force to be exerted, the current pivot angle of end effector 12, etc. Such indications can provide a user of the surgical instrument 300 with feedback regarding the forces involved in operating the surgical instrument 300 and feedback such as how close the surgical instrument 300 is operating to its maximum capacity. Although only one row of indicators 314 is shown in Figure 56, it is understood that the status module 302 can comprise any number of rows of indicators 314.
[00160] As shown in Figure 57, the status module 302 can comprise indicators 314 (for example, light-emitting diodes) arranged in two circular orientations. For such modalities, the status module 302 may be able to provide more concurrent information to a user of the surgical instrument 300 than the status module 302 shown in Figure 56. Although two circular arrangements of indicators are shown in Figure 57, it is understood that the status module 302 can comprise numerous indicators 314 arranged in numerous orientations. For example, status module 302 can comprise indicators 314 arranged in a pyramid pattern.
[00161] As shown in Figure 58, indicators 314 of status module 302 can comprise a line of light-emitting diodes and at least one screen (for example, a liquid crystal display). For such modalities, the status module 302 may be able to provide more concurrent information to a user of the surgical instrument 300 than the status module 302 shown in Figure 56 or Figure 57. For example, light emitting diodes can show strength of reaction on the anvil 24 and the staple cartridge 22, the battery level, the pivot angle, etc. in the form of a bar graph. The screen can show information regarding the
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65/102 closing forces, firing forces, number of remaining shots, post-hold hold time, progression of stroke, angle of articulation, etc. in the form of digits. Various surgical instruments are presented in US patent application serial number 11 / 343,545, entitled HAVING A FEEDBACK SYSTEM surgical instrument, the entire description of which is incorporated in this document by reference.
[00162] In several modalities, in addition to the aforementioned, a surgical instrument, such as surgical stapler 300, for example, can be sterilized before and / or after the surgical instrument is used. In at least one sterilization technique, with reference to Figure 60, a surgical instrument can be placed in a closed and sealed container, such as container 301, for example, being that, in certain modalities, the container may consist of plastic, such as fibers high-density polyethylene, or TYVEK, for example, and can be in the shape of any suitable wrapper. The container and the instrument can then be placed in a radiation field that can penetrate the container. In various circumstances, the radiation may comprise gamma radiation, X-rays, and / or high-energy electrons, for example, with the radiation exterminating the bacteria in the instrument 300 and the container 301. The sterile sealed container 301 can hold the instrument 300 sterile until it is opened in an operating environment or some other suitable environment. In certain circumstances, however, when radiation, such as gamma radiation, for example, is used to sterilize the instrument 300, the components of the surgical instrument 300, particularly electronic components such as memory devices and / or processors, for example, can be used. damaged by radiation and may become defective or unstable. At least such a memory device may include a 2001 memory device, as described above, being
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66/102 that when memory device 2001 is exposed to radiation, at least some of the data contained in memory map 2300 may be lost and / or corrupted. In certain circumstances, a radiation sterilization process can also damage so-called radiation-cured electronic products. In view of the above, alternative sterilization processes, such as ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide and / or steam sterilization processes, for example, can be used to sterilize the entire instrument 300. In certain circumstances, however, such sterilization processes Alternative sterilization may not be as preferable as radiation sterilization processes, at least in relation to the sterilization of an end effector of a surgical instrument, for example.
[00163] In various embodiments, a surgical instrument can include first and second portions that can be operably engaged with and / or disengaged from each other. In at least one embodiment, in addition to the aforementioned, the first portion may comprise a cable portion and an end effector of a surgical stapler, such as cable 6 and end effector 12 of surgical stapler 300, for example, and the second The portion may comprise a selectively fixable portion, such as status module 302, for example, the first portion and the second portion being sterilized separately. In certain embodiments, as a result, the cable portion and end effector of the surgical stapler can be sterilized using a radiation sterilization process, for example, while the selectively fixable portion, which can comprise electronic components and / or any other radiation sensitive components, can be sterilized using any other suitable sterilization process, such as steam and / or ethylene oxide sterilization processes,
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67/102 for example. In at least one embodiment, as described in greater detail below, the first and second portions can be assembled and / or operably engaged with each other after the first and second portions have been sterilized independently. [00164] In various embodiments, with reference to Figure 59, a surgical instrument may comprise a surgical instrument 400 and a selectively fixable module 402. In certain embodiments, the surgical instrument 400 may include cavity 404 that can be configured to receive at least one module portion 402. In at least one embodiment, module 402 may include one or more terminals or contacts 403 which can be configured to engage one or more terminals or contacts (not shown) of surgical instrument 400 in order to place module 402 in communication with the surgical instrument 400. More particularly, the terminals or contacts of the surgical instrument 400 and module 402 can be placed in communication with each other so that power, analog signals, and / or digital signals, for example, can be transmitted between surgical instrument 400 and module 402. Before mounting module 402 on surgical instrument 400, the module 402 can be sterilized and then placed in a sterile container. In certain embodiments, module 402 can be sterilized while already placed in a container. In each event, in addition to the above, the surgical instrument 400 can be removed from a sterile container, such as container 301, for example, after being sterilized by a gamma radiation process so that module 402 can be operably engaged with the instrument surgical 400. In use, in at least one mode, module 402 can be removed from its sterile container, or bag, 401, and can be inserted into cavity 404 so that contacts or terminals 403 are in contact with contacts or terminals of the surgical instrument 400.
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68/102 [00165] In several modalities, in addition to the above, the first portion of a surgical instrument, such as the handle portion 6 and the end effector 12 of the surgical instrument 400, for example, can be removed from its sterile container, at least a substantial portion of the second portion of the surgical instrument, such as module 402, for example, can remain in its sterile container. In at least one embodiment, pocket 401, for example, can be perforated or cut so that terminals 403 of module 402 can, at least partially, extend through pocket 401 and so that terminals 403 can be engaged in terminals of surgical instrument 400. In certain embodiments, terminals 403 can be configured to pierce or cut pocket 401. In at least one of these modalities, terminals 403 can be configured to pierce pocket 401 when pressed against pocket 401 with enough strength. In some embodiments, pocket 401 may include weakened portions or stitch marks, for example, which can be configured to allow pocket 401 to tear along a predetermined path. In certain embodiments, terminals 403 may comprise male terminals and surgical instrument 400 may include female terminals, with male terminals being inserted into female terminals in order to produce electrical contact between them. In various embodiments, although not shown, a selectively fixable module may include one or more female terminals and a surgical instrument may include one or more male terminals that can be configured to pierce bag 401, for example, to be engaged with the terminals module female.
[00166] In any event, as a result of the above, a first portion, such as the cable portion 6 and the end effector 12 of the surgical instrument 400, for example, and a second portion,
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69/102 like module 402, for example, can be subjected to different sterilization processes and can be presented for an operational environment, for example, in separately sterilized containers. Consequently, a second portion that has radiation sensitive components can be subjected to a sterilization process by adequate non-radiation and the first portion can be subjected to a radiation sterilization process without damaging the surgical instrument. In some circumstances, however, such non-radiation sterilization processes may not be able to completely or adequately sterilize the second portion of the surgical instrument. In such circumstances, bacteria or other contamination, for example, may be present in the container, or bag, 401, for example, when it is presented to an operational environment. In various embodiments, however, pocket 401 and module 402 can be configured so that only a very small portion of pocket 401 is perforated or cut when terminals 403 are pushed through pocket 401, for example. In at least one embodiment, bacteria or other contamination contained within pouch 401 may remain within, and may not escape, pouch 401 after it has been opened.
[00167] In addition to the above, in certain embodiments, the container in which the second portion of the surgical instrument is stored can be configured to cooperate with the first portion of the surgical instrument so that the container and the first portion can limit or prevent migration of bacteria and / or contaminants inside the container, if present inside the container, to migrate to the surgical site in the patient. In at least one embodiment, again with reference to Figure 59, bag 401 and module 402 can be configured so that when they are inserted into cavity 404 of surgical instrument 400, bag 401 can be configured
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70/102 to engage in a sealed manner, or at least substantially to engage in a sealed manner, to the side walls of cavity 404. In at least one embodiment, as a result, bacteria and / or contaminants may be prevented or at least inhibited, from migrate from inside the pocket 401 to the outside of the surgical instrument 400. In various embodiments, module 402 and pocket 401 can be inserted into cavity 404 before punching pocket 401 through terminals 403 so that the holes inside pocket 401 do not they are created until the 403 terminals are in contact with, or at least almost in contact with, the terminals of the surgical instrument 400. In at least one embodiment, the perforation site can be protected in such a way that bacteria communication is not allowed or contamination inside the sealed pouch 401 with any patient contact areas of the surgical instrument 400. In certain embodiments, pouch 401 and module 402 can be configured configured so that they can fit tightly or be snapped into cavity 403, for example. In at least some embodiments, although not illustrated, module 402 may include one or more fixation elements or portions that can be configured to engage, and / or be engaged by surgical instrument 400. In at least one embodiment, the fixation members they can be configured for the 401 drill bag, for example, while, in other embodiments, the fixing members can be configured to engage the surgical instrument 400 in a 401 drill bag.
[00168] In several modalities, a first portion of a surgical instrument can be distributed to an operational environment, for example, in a first sealed container and a second portion of the surgical instrument can be distributed in a second sealed container, the second being portion may remain sealed within its sealed container when used with the former for
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71/102 tion. In at least one embodiment, the first portion may comprise a cable portion and an end effector of a surgical stapler, for example, and the second portion may comprise a module that can be configured to communicate with the first wireless portion. In at least one embodiment, the module can be contained in a sealed pouch, such as bag 401, for example, with the module and sealed pouch being inserted into a cavity, such as cavity 404, for example, into the stapler surgical. In various embodiments, the module may include a wireless signal transmitter and / or receiver, and in addition, the surgical instrument may also include a wireless signal transmitter and / or receiver so that the surgical module and stapler can communicate via wireless transmissions, or signals. In at least one modality, as a result, the bag or wrapper that contains the module may not need to be punctured or cut in order for the module to perform its intended function, or functions, whether they are displaying information, recording surgical stapler information, and / or transmitting information to the surgical stapler, for example. In at least one embodiment, the module can include a power source that can be configured to supply the module with enough power to perform its intended functions. In certain embodiments, an energy source may be contained in the second sealed container along with the module. In any event, very little power may be required to operate the module's wireless transmitter and / or receiver due to the proximity of the module and the surgical stapler during use, specifically, when the module is at least partially positioned within the surgical stapler.
[00169] In certain other modalities, a second portion of the surgical instrument, or module, may not be attached or positioned within the first portion of the surgical stapler. At least
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72/102 a modality, the module can remain contained in its sealed container and can be positioned in any suitable place within the operational environment, for example, so that the module can communicate directly with the first portion of the surgical instrument. In such modalities, as a result, a sterilized module without radiation can be positioned a greater distance away from the patient compared to the various modalities described above, thereby further reducing the possibility that bacteria or other contaminants migrate to the patient . In at least one embodiment, the module and the container can be positioned in or within a docking station. In certain embodiments, the docking station can include a wireless receiver and / or transmitter so that the module and / or the surgical instrument can communicate wirelessly with the docking station and so that the docking station can restore data or information between the module and the surgical stapler. In at least one embodiment, similar to the above, a second portion, or module, may include one or more terminals or contacts, such as terminals 403, for example, which can be configured to penetrate the container that stores the module, such as the bag 401, for example, in order to operably engage terminals or docking station contacts. In at least one embodiment, the module can be directly engaged with the docking station, the docking station being able to include a wireless receiver and / or transmitter that can be configured to communicate wirelessly with the first portion of the surgical instrument. Various surgical instruments are presented in US patent application serial number 11 / 651,771, entitled POST-STERILIZATION PROGRAMMING OF SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, the entire description of which is incorporated herein by reference.
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73/102 [00170] In certain embodiments, a surgical instrument may comprise a first portion that can be sterilized by a first gamma radiation sterilization process and a second portion that can be sterilized by a second gamma radiation sterilization process. In at least one embodiment, the gamma radiation sterilization process may have a lower intensity and / or a shorter duration of gamma radiation, for example, than the intensity and / or duration of gamma radiation, for example, from the first process sterilization by gamma radiation. In at least one embodiment, the second portion may include electronic components, such as memory devices or processors, for example, and / or any other radiation sensitive components, which can survive a lower intensity and / or shorter duration of radiation. In various embodiments, as a result, the first portion can be sterilized in a first sealed sterile wrapper and the second portion can be independently or separately sterilized in a second sealed sterile wrapper. In such embodiments, gamma radiation can be used to sterilize both the first and the second portion, although at possibly different levels of sterilization. In any event, the first and second portions of the surgical instrument can be distributed to an operating environment, for example, and can be assembled, operably engaged, and / or otherwise suitably arranged in relation to one another.
[00171] In certain embodiments, a surgical instrument can comprise more than two portions that can be sterilized independently. In at least one embodiment, a surgical instrument may comprise a first portion that can be sterilized by a first sterilization process and distributed to an operational environment, for example, in a first sterile container
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74/102 sealed, a second portion that can be sterilized by a second sterilization process and distributed to the operating environment in a second sealed sterile container, and a third portion that can be sterilized by a third sterilization process and distributed to the environment operational in a third sealed sterile container. In at least one embodiment, the first portion may comprise an end effector of a surgical instrument, such as end effector 12 of the surgical instrument 300, for example, the second portion may comprise a cable, such as cable 6, for example, and the third portion may comprise a selectively fixable module, such as module 402, for example. In certain embodiments, in addition to the above, the first portion can be sterilized by a gamma radiation sterilization process, for example, the second portion can be sterilized by a gamma radiation sterilization process that has a lower intensity and / or longer duration short that the first radiation sterilization process, for example, and the third portion can be sterilized by a non-radiation sterilization process, for example. In any event, one or more of the portions may remain sealed, and / or only partially removed from its casing when assembled, operably engaged and / or otherwise properly arranged in relation to the other portion of the surgical instrument.
[00172] In some cases, it may be desirable to operably engage and / or disengage a semi-sterile or non-sterile power source, other components, and / or other electronic components with a surgical instrument for use during a surgical procedure. In one embodiment, the power source, the other components, and / or the other components can be removably positioned at least partially in a cavity defined in the surgical instrument. In many circumstances, the source of dust
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75/102 electrode and / or electronic components can be non-sterile, can be partially sterilized, and / or can comprise non-sterile or partially sterilized portions, for example, while the surgical instrument can be fully sterilized using a process of sterilization, such as a gamma radiation sterilization process, for example. The surgical instrument can be fully sterilized while in a sealed container, such as container 301 described above. The sterilization process can be the same as that described above. When used in this document, the terms sterile or sterile may mean treated through a sterilization process at a level sufficient for the exposed use (ie, open to an operating room and / or a patient) during a surgical procedure. The terms unsterilized, semi-sterilized, non-sterile and / or partially sterilized can mean untreated through a sterilization process, partially treated by a sterilization process, and / or treated by a sterilization process, but not at a sufficient level for the use exposed during a surgical procedure.
[00173] Non-sterile power supplies and / or other electronic components, or portions thereof, in most cases, should be inhibited from exposure to a patient or an operating room during a surgical procedure to at least minimize contamination of the room of operation and / or the patient during the surgical procedure caused by various bacteria, contamination, and / or microbes in the power source and / or the other electronic components, for example. In various modalities, the power supplies can be configured to supply power to the surgical instrument and the electronic components can be configured to control and / or operate the surgical instrument, for example. In several other modalities, the electronic components can be configured to
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76/102 ra record various tasks or operations performed by the surgical instrument. In one embodiment, electronic components may comprise one or more electronic components. In several other embodiments, electronic components can be optional and one or more power supplies can be provided.
[00174] In various modalities, a surgical instrument system can be configured to allow a non-sterile or semi-sterile portion, such as a power source or various electronic components, for example, of a surgical instrument, to be at least partially inserted into and used as a sterile portion of the surgical instrument. In certain embodiments, the power source and / or electronic components can be processed by a first sterilization treatment to a first degree of sterilization and the sterile portion can be processed by a second sterilization treatment to a second higher degree of sterilization, so that the second portion is sterile. In some cases, the first and second sterilization treatments may comprise the same, similar or different methods of sterilization.
[00175] In one embodiment, with reference to Figures 61 and 62, the surgical instrument system may comprise a surgical instrument 500 comprising a first portion 502 and a second portion 504. Surgical instrument 500 may comprise components similar to surgical instruments 300 and 400 described above, but may also comprise a closing member 506 on or attached to the second portion 504. In various embodiments, the closing member 506 can be configured to be moved between a first position and a second position to cover a cavity 508 or a receiving slot defined in the second portion 504 of the surgical instrument 500. Prior to use, the second portion 504 can be packaged in a sealed container, such as a
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77/102 container 301, for example, and sterilized as described above. In one embodiment, the second portion 504 may comprise a surgical instrument body 510 that has a wall 512 that defines the cavity 508 therein. The first portion 502 may comprise a power source, such as a battery, for example, and / or one or more electronic components, such as a controller integrated circuit, for example. The first portion 502 can be encapsulated by a membrane 514 or covered within a sealed package (also 514). In one embodiment, the sealed membrane or package 514 may comprise a microbe-impermeable barrier layer. Although not shown, the first portion 502 may comprise a power source housed in a first membrane and several electronic components housed in a second membrane. Both the first membrane that encloses the power source and the second membrane that encloses the various electronic components can be positioned inside the cavity 508 or can each be positioned in a separate cavity defined in the surgical instrument body 510, for example . By supplying the surgical instrument systems described above, a first non-sterile or semi-sterile portion 502 can be selectively used with a second sterile portion 504 during a surgical procedure without contamination of the operating room, a surface exposed to the patient of the second portion 504, and / or the patient. In several other embodiments, the first portion 502 can be sterile and can still be placed on membrane 514 for additional precaution.
[00176] In one embodiment, with reference to Figures 61 to 63, the first portion 502 may comprise a power source 503, such as a power source or electrical power source, such as a device or system that supplies electrical energy to a load . In several modalities, the 503 power source can be a battery
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78/102 which comprises a single or a combination of multiple electrochemical galvanic cells to store chemical energy. Multiple electrochemical galvanic cells can be combined to provide either higher voltage or higher current than with a single cell. In one embodiment, a battery can comprise primary non-rechargeable cells. Non-rechargeable batteries include alkaline batteries and alkaline cells that can use the reaction between zinc and manganese (IV) oxide (Zn / MnO2), zinc-carbon, zinc-chloride, and silver oxide, among others. The alkaline battery may comprise an alkaline potassium hydroxide electrolyte. In one embodiment, a battery may comprise rechargeable secondary cells. Rechargeable batteries can use electrochemical reactions that are electrically reversible and can come in many different sizes and use different combinations of chemicals. Commonly used secondary cell chemicals (rechargeable battery) are lead acid, nickel cadmium (NiCd), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium ion (Li-ion), and lithium ion polymer (Li-ion polymer) ). In other embodiments, the 503 power supply may be a direct current (DC) power supply, an alternating current (AC) power supply coupled to the main power, or another general purpose electrical power supply at a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz, switched mode power supply. For example, a switched-mode power supply can be classified into four types, according to the input and output waveforms: (1) AC in, DC out: repairman, inverter input stage off -line; (2) DC in, DC out: voltage converter, or current converter, or DC to DC converter; (3) AC in, AC out: frequency modifier, cycloconverter, transformer; or (4) DC in, AC out: inverter. In other embodiments, the first portion 502 may comprise a module of itself
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79/102 situation, as situation module 302 described above, for example. [00177] In addition to the aforementioned, in still several other modalities, the first portion 502 may comprise optional electronic components, such as a microprocessor, for example, configured to control and / or provide instructions for the surgical instrument 500. In various modalities, such electronic components can comprise, or be deployed as, a computer system, a computer subsystem, a computer, a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a logic device programmable (PLD), a processor, such as a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (PSD), an interface, an input / output (I / O) device, a switch, a circuit, a logic port, a recorder, semiconductor device, integrated circuit, transistor, or any other device, machine, tool, equipment, component, or combination shall thereof. In one embodiment, optional electronic components can be controlled by software, a software module, an application, a program, a subroutine, an instruction set, computer code, speech, symbols or a combination of them, according to a language , predefined computer way or syntax to instruct a processor to perform a certain function. Examples of a computer language can include C, C ++, Java, BASIC, Perl, Matlab, Pascal, Visual BASIC, assembly language, machine code, microcode for a network processor, and so on. In yet several other embodiments, the first portion 502 may comprise other optional electronic components, such as a memory device, for example, configured to record various information and / or operations of the surgical instrument 500. In one embodiment, such electronic components can be engaged to the source of bread
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80/102 voltage 503, positioned on or near power source 503, and / or positioned on or inside a housing of power source 503, for example.
[00178] In addition to the above, in various modalities, the first portion 502 may comprise one or more terminals or electrical contacts 518 that can be configured to electrically engage one or more terminals or electrical contacts 520 to the second portion 504. The terminals or contacts 520 can be positioned inside cavity 508 or positioned close to cavity 508, so that they can be engaged with terminals 518 when the first portion 502 is positioned inside cavity 508. In one embodiment, terminals 520 can be positioned in one of the deepest portions of cavity 508, in relation to an external surface of the surgical instrument body 510, so that any perforation of membrane 514 caused by terminals 518 or 520 is close to one of the deepest portions of cavity 508. When engaged with the cavity 508 of the second portion 504, the first portion 502 can be placed in communication with the second portion 504 so that power, analog, and / or digital signals, for example, can be transmitted between the first portion 502 and the second portion 504. In certain embodiments, terminals 518 in first portion 502 may comprise male and the terminals 520 in the second portion 504 may comprise female terminals, where the male terminals 518 can be engaged with and / or inserted into the female terminals 520 to make electrical contact between them. The male terminals 518 of the first portion 502 may each comprise a piercing tip 522 configured to puncture, pierce, or incise membrane 514, for example, when pressed against membrane 514 with sufficient force, to be engaged with the female terminals 520 of the second portion 504. Opening or
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81/102 openings created in the membrane 514 by the spike or perforating spikes 522 may be only slightly larger than the outer perimeter of the terminals 518 to at least inhibit contamination, bacteria, or microbes inside the membrane 514 from migrating out of the membrane 514. In some cases, the side walls of the opening or openings in the membrane 514 may form a sealing or sealing surface with the outer portions of the terminals 518, for example, to again inhibit contamination, bacteria, or microbes from inside the membrane 514 migrate out of membrane 514. In various embodiments, although not shown, the first portion 502 may comprise one or more female terminals and the second portion 504 may comprise one or more male terminals, for example. In such an embodiment, the male terminals in the second portion 504 can pierce the membrane 514 and engage the female terminals in the first portion 502 when the first portion 502 is pressed out towards the terminals in the second portion 504 with sufficient strength.
[00179] In other various embodiments, membrane 514 can comprise weakened portions, perforated portions, and / or punctuation marks, for example, which can be configured to allow membrane 514 to break or separate along a predetermined path. In one embodiment, an entire portion of membrane 514 positioned intermediate to terminals 518 and terminals 520 can be perforated and / or comprise punctuation marks so that terminals 518 or a region of the first portion 502 are pressed against membrane 514 with sufficiently strong, a portion of membrane 514 may detach from the rest of membrane 514 and expose the first portion 502 comprising terminals 518 or partially expose the first portion 502 comprising terminals 518. In general, this may occur when the first portion 502 is positioned inside cavity 508 and when cavity 508
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82/102 is at least partially sealed from a sterile external environment. [00180] In various embodiments, the first portion 502 can be totally or partially inserted in the cavity 508 before the terminals 518 perforate the membrane 514 so that the openings formed in the membrane 514 by the terminals 518 are not created until the terminals 518 are in contact. contact with, or at least close contact with, the terminals 520 of the second portion 504 and the closing member 506 is at least mainly in the first position, thereby sealing the cavity 508a of a sterile outer surface of the second portion 504. When terminals 518 and 520 are engaged with each other, they can create, on their own, a barrier to the migration of contamination, bacteria, and / or microbes from the inside of membrane 514, as their engagement can essentially form a pressure seal between a portion of the second portion 504 and a portion of the first portion 502 thereby sandwiching a portion of the membrane 514 between them. In such an embodiment, the membrane 514 can act as a seal. As a result, the perforation site on membrane 514 can be protected so that bacteria, microbes, and / or contamination within membrane 514 are not allowed to communicate with any exposed patient areas or surfaces of the second portion 504.
[00181] In certain embodiments, although not illustrated, the second portion 504 may comprise one or more fixing members or portions that can be configured to engage, and / or be engaged by, the first portion 502. In one embodiment, the members fastening members can be configured to pierce membrane 514, for example, while, in other embodiments, the fastening members can be configured to engage first portion 502 in piercing membrane 514. Any other suitable form of engagement between first portion 502 and the second portion 504 can also be usedPetition 870190092850, of 17/09/2019, p. 86/113
83/102 da and is within the scope of this description.
[00182] In various embodiments, with reference to Figures 61 to 63, the second portion 504 of the surgical instrument 500 may comprise a stem 524 having a proximal end 526 and a distal end 528. A surgical instrument body 510 may extend to from the proximal end 526 and may comprise a trigger portion 530 comprising a first trigger and a second trigger, for example. Trigger portion 530 can be operatively engaged with an end effector 532 extending from the distal end 528 of stem 524 so that it can be used to actuate end effector 532. In other embodiments, a member or actuation button (not shown) can be used in place of trigger portion 530. In such an embodiment, end effector 532 may comprise at least one electrode configured to seal tissue, for example. In certain other embodiments, end effector 532 can comprise any tail end effector configured to perform a fabric sealing function, a fabric stapling function, a fabric cutting function, a fabric splicing function, and / or any other surgical function, for example. In one embodiment, end effector 532 can be attached to or formed with distal end 528 of stem 524, for example.
[00183] In various embodiments, still with reference to Figures 61 to 63, cavity 508 can be defined in the surgical instrument body 510 of the second portion 504. In certain embodiments, wall 512 can define the limits of cavity 508 in the body of surgical instrument 510. The cavity 508 can define any shape suitably configured to receive the first portion 502. In one embodiment, the cavity 508 can comprise a first region comprising one or more electrical terminals 520 and a second region
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84/102 which comprises an opening or passage in the surgical instrument body 510 in communication with the cavity 508. The cavity 508 in the second portion 504 can be configured to at least partially or totally receive the first portion 502, while the first portion 502 is encapsulated and / or surrounded by the membrane or sealed package 514. An optional seal or sealing surface (not shown) can be formed about, near, around, or partially around the opening or passage of the second region of cavity 508 Such a seal or sealing surface may be engaged with a portion of the closing member 506, or a seal or sealing surface on the closing member 506, for example, to create a microbe-impermeable or at least partially microbe-impermeable seal that can at least least inhibit bacteria, microbes, and / or contamination in the first portion 502 or inside the membrane 514 from migrating out of the ca activity 508 when the membrane 514 is optionally perforated by the terminals 518, for example. [00184] In certain embodiments, with reference, again to Figures 61 to 63, the closing member 506 can be fixed to, engaged to, or pivotally or rotationally fixed to the second portion 504 near the opening of the second region of the cavity 508. In In one embodiment, the closing member 506 can be movable, slidable, rotatable, and / or pivotable between a first position in which the closing member 506 is in a sealable engagement or sealable contact with the second region of cavity 508 and a second position in which the closing member 506 is at least partially free of sealable engagement or sealable contact or free of sealable engagement or sealable contact with the second region of cavity 508. In one embodiment, the first position can be a closed position in which cavity 508 is at least partially or fully sealed
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85/102 from the outer surface of the surgical instrument body 510 and the second position can be an open position in which cavity 508 is not fully sealed from the outer surface of the surgical instrument body 510. When in the first position, the closing member 506 comes into contact with the seal or sealing surface of the second region of cavity 508, for example.
[00185] In addition to the above, in various embodiments, the closing member 506 may comprise a top surface 536, a bottom surface 538, and an optional seal or sealing surface (not shown). The optional seal or sealing surface can be positioned close to a perimeter of the bottom surface 538 and / or positioned close to, around, or at least partially around an external perimeter of the closing member 506 that is configured to engage the second region of cavity 508. The seal or sealing surface can be configured to create a microbe-impermeable barrier or at least microbe-resistant barrier between cavity 508 and the sterile outer surface of the surgical instrument body 504 when engaged with the second region or a seal or sealing surface in the second region of cavity 508. Such a barrier can at least inhibit microbial contamination of the outer surface of the second portion 504 by the first semi-sterile or non-sterile portion 502.
[00186] In various embodiments, when the first portion 502 is positioned at least partially within the cavity 508, the bottom surface 538 of the closing member 506 can contact the first portion 502 and force the first portion 502 more deeply into the cavity 508 when the closing member 506 is moved from the second position to the first position. In one embodiment, with reference to the exemplary illustration in Figure 63, the bottom surface 538 may comprise a su
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86/102 optional cam surface 540 protruding from it. The cam surface 540 can be composed of a resilient material and / or a non-flexible material. In certain embodiments, the closing member 506 may comprise a spring, such as a cantilever spring and / or a spring bundle, for example, which can act on and tilt the cam surface 540. In one embodiment, the cam surface 540 it can be configured to engage the first portion 502 and force the first portion 502 deeper into the cavity 508 when the closing member 506 is moved from the second position to the first position. The cam surface 540 and / or the bottom surface 538 can transmit a force to the first portion 502 which can cause one or more terminals 518 (male) in the first portion 502 to pierce the membrane 514 and engage the one or more terminals 520 (female) in the second portion 504 when the closing member 506 is moved at least partially or completely to the first position. In several other embodiments, the cam surface 540 or bottom surface 538 can transmit a force to the first portion 502, which can cause the one or more terminals (male) in the second portion 504 to pierce the membrane 514 and engage the one or more terminals (female) in the first portion 502 when the closing member 506 is moved at least partially or totally to the first position. In such a case, terminals 518 and 520 may be in electrical communication with each other when engaged. In various embodiments, the closing member 506 can be moved, slid, rotated, and / or pivoted, for example, between the first and second positions manually and / or automatically. In an embodiment in which the closing member 506 is pivoted or rotated, the closing member 506 can comprise or be spun to a hinge 521, for example. In various embodiments, the closing member 506 and / or the second portion 504 can comprise any locking system.
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87/102 closure 523 to keep closing member 506 in first position. The closure system 523 can also be used to help seal the first portion 502 inside cavity 508.
[00187] By providing the perforation of the membrane 514 through the perforating tips 522 of the terminals 518 when the closing member 506 is moved from the second position to the first position, any contamination, bacteria, and / or microbes that may be present in the first portion 502 and / or inside membrane 514 may be contained within cavity 508 due to closure member 506. In other words, membrane 514 may be pierced by piercing tips 522 when the first portion 502 is at least partially and possibly fully enclosed and sealed within cavity 508 due to closure member 506 and optional seals or sealing surfaces in the second region of cavity 508 and / or closure member 506. As a result, the first semi-sterile or non-sterile portion 502 can be used with the second sterile 504 portion while not contaminating the surgical site, the sterile outer surface l of the second portion 504 and / or the patient.
[00188] In various embodiments, when the first portion 502, while encapsulated and / or sealed within the membrane 514, is at least partially positioned within the cavity 508, the membrane 514 and the wall 512 of the cavity 508 can be engaged in a sealed manner with each other, for example, due to the tight fit of the first portion 502 into cavity 508. This feature can help inhibit any contamination, bacteria and / or microbes from escaping from cavity 508 after the piercing tips 522 of the terminals 518 have pierced the membrane 514. Additionally, perforation of membrane 514 can occur in one of the deepest portions of cavity 508. As a result, any contamination that leaves the membrane
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88/102
514 can not only be kept within the sealed cavity 508, but can also be kept within a deep portion of the cavity 508 due to the sealable engagement between the membrane 514 and the wall 512 of the cavity 508. Indicated otherwise, the engagement sealable between membrane 514 and wall 512 can add an additional layer of protection against contamination escaping from cavity 508.
[00189] In certain other embodiments, the closing member 506 may comprise a pressure screw (not shown) threaded through an opening extending through the closing member 506. In such an embodiment, the closing member 506 can be moved in the first closed position along the second region of cavity 508 until at least almost or completely sealing cavity 508 from the external environment and / or the second portion 504. An actuator or pressure screw cable can then be rotated or , otherwise activated, to cause one end of the cable's distal pressure screw to engage the first portion 502 and press the first portion 502 deeper or, further, into the cavity 508. In this case, the opening in the closure 506 and / or the side contact portion of the pressure screw or opening threads may comprise seals, sealing surfaces or sealing materials to at least prevent bacteria, microbes and / or contamination inside cavity 508 come out of cavity 508 through the opening and contaminate a surface of the second sterile portion 504. In this embodiment, membrane 514 can be perforated when the closing member 506 is in the completely closed position to maintain any contamination within cavity 508.
[00190] In several modalities, the closing member 506 can act in several stages through the first portion 502 when the
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89/102 closing member 506 is moved between an open position and a closed position. In a first stage, the closing member 506 can be engaged with the first portion 502. In a second stage, the closing member 506 can begin to push the first portion 502 into the cavity 508, as the closing member 506 is moved towards the closed position. In a third stage, the closing member 506 can cause terminals 518 (male) to engage terminals 520 (female), for example. During this third stage, a seal around the opening or passage of the second region of the cavity 508 and / or a seal adjacent to an outer perimeter of the closing member 506 can be engaged to begin sealing the cavity 508 from the outside of the surgical instrument 500. In a fourth stage, the closing member 506 can cause the terminals 518 to pierce the membrane 514 and this is placed in electrical communication with the terminals 520, as the closing member 506 is moved to the position completely closed. During this drilling, one or more properly positioned seals, as described here, can be compressed as the closing member 506 is moved to the fully closed position, thereby creating a suitable seal.
[00191] In several other embodiments, the first portion 502 may not comprise terminals that have piercing tips extending from the first portion 502 and may be able to communicate with and / or provide power to the second portion 504 wirelessly or through induction, respectively. As a result, in certain embodiments, membrane 514 may not need to be perforated in any way, thereby maintaining any microbes, contamination and / or bacteria within membrane 514. In an embodiment where the first portion 502 communicates with the second
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90/102 portion 504 through induction, the first portion 502 can be positioned within the cavity 508 and the contacts in the first portion 502 can be positioned adjacent to the contacts in the second portion 504, such that power can be transferred between them. In other embodiments where the first portion 502 transmits electrical signals to the second portion 504 wirelessly, the first portion 502 can be positioned at any suitable location within the operating room or location adjacent to the operating room, for example. In this embodiment, the first portion 502 and the second portion 504 may comprise a wireless transmitter and a wireless receiver to perform such wireless communication between them. As a result, the first non-sterile or semi-sterile portion 502 can be positioned at a distance in the opposite direction from the second sterile portion 504 and / or the patient, thereby further reducing the chance of contamination, bacteria and / or microbes in the first portion 502 and / or within the membrane 514 contaminate the surgical site, the outer surface of the second portion 504 and / or the patient. Similar to that described above, the first portion 502 can also be positioned in a docking station, for example. When the first portion 502 is in wireless communication with the second portion 504, the cavity 508, in certain embodiments, can be eliminated, for example.
[00192] In various embodiments, membrane 514 may consist of a gas-permeable and microbial-impervious material or barrier layer such that any bacteria, microbes and / or contamination in the first portion 502 can be maintained within membrane 514. In certain embodiments, membrane 514 may consist of a gas-impermeable and microbial-impermeable material, for example. Suitable membrane materials can comprise a polyethylene material, such as an antimicrobial coated with TYVEK® material, for example. Antimicrobial coatings can with
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91/102 include esters, lipids and / or silver ions, for example, to provide the polyethylene material with antimicrobial properties. In one embodiment, a fluorocarbon agent, such as FC-808, a fluoro-aliphatic ester, can be used as the antimicrobial coating, for example.
[00193] In some cases, the first portion 502 may be positioned inside the membrane 514 after the first portion 502 has been subjected to a sterilization treatment, such as a sterilization treatment by water vapor, ethylene oxide, ozone and / or hydrogen peroxide, for example. In other instances, the first portion 502 can be subjected to a sterilization treatment while it is sealed inside or encapsulated by the membrane 514. In any event, the first portion 502 can be positioned inside the membrane 514 and then the membrane 514 can be sealed using any suitable sealing methodologies, such as heat sealing, for example. As such, any bacteria, microbes and / or contamination in the first portion 502 may be contained within membrane 514 and may not be exposed to an operating room, the outer surface of the second portion 504 and / or the patient.
[00194] In operation, the surgical instrument system can allow the first non-sterile or semi-sterile portion 502 to be engaged with a second sterile portion 504 without contaminating an outer surface of the second portion 504. As such, the second portion 504 can be used inside an operating room and exposed to a patient while containing the first non-sterile or semi-sterile portion 502. In one embodiment, the first portion 502 can be positioned and sealed within membrane 514 outside a surgical site (ie, a sterile environment, sometimes an operating room). The first portion 502, while sealed within the membrane 514, can then be taken to the surgical site. The second portion 504 also
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92/102 can be taken to the surgical site in a sterile container, such as a 301 container, for example. Then, the second portion 504 can be removed from the sterile container and the first portion 502, while still remaining within the membrane 514 and then positioned within the cavity 508 defined in the surgical instrument body 510 of the second portion 504. In some cases, the first portion 502 can fit tightly into and / or be snapped into cavity 508 where membrane 514 can sealingly engage wall 512 of cavity 508 to create a seal or sealable latch between the membrane 514 and wall 512. The closing member 506 can then be moved from the second position at least partially open to the first closed position. As the closing member 506 is moved from the second position to the first position, the bottom surface 538 of the closing member 506 or the optional cam surface 540 can act against the first portion 502 to further press the first portion 502 to cavity 508 and causing terminals 518 or 520 to pierce membrane 514 and create an electrical connection between the first portion 502 and the second portion 504, for example. A surgeon can then use the surgical instrument system for a surgical procedure while the first portion 502 is contained within cavity 508 of the second portion 504.
[00195] After the surgical procedure, the surgical instrument system can be removed from the surgical site, the closing member 506 can be moved from the first position to the second position and the first portion 502 can be removed from the second portion 504. The first portion 504 can then be removed from the remaining membrane 514 and the remaining membrane 514 can be discarded. In various embodiments, the first portion 502 can optionally be reconditioned, sterilized or partially sterilized and then be positioned
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93/102 of within a new membrane 514 and prepared for use with another second sterile portion 504. In several other embodiments, the first portion 502 can be positioned within the new membrane 514 without being treated or sterilized in any way. As a result, the first 502 portion, while generally non-sterile, can be reused in multiple surgical procedures without the need for previous or subsequent sterilization or at least sterilization at the level of the second sterile 504 portion.
[00196] In various modalities, it may be desirable to supply electronic components, such as power supplies, integrated controllers, programming integrated circuits, microcontrollers, microprocessors, situation modules and / or other electronic components, for example, which are coated with microbial or antimicrobial resistant materials or supplied in a housing comprising microbial or antimicrobial resistant materials. As such, these various electronic components may not need to be sterilized using conventional sterilization techniques, such as gamma radiation sterilization techniques, for example. In various modalities, housing materials and coatings can actually prevent, kill or at least inhibit contamination by bacteria or microbes, for example. Since these electronic components are generally attached or attached to sterile surgical instruments or portions thereof to control and / or supply power to surgical instruments, for example, it may be desirable that they do not contaminate sterile surgical instruments. In one embodiment, electronic components within the housing or coated with antimicrobial or microbial resistant materials can be positioned within the membrane 514 described above, for example.
[00197] In one modality, one or more electronic components
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94/102 can be positioned or encapsulated within a housing comprising an antimicrobial material or a material resistant to microbes, such as silver or antimicrobial lipids, for example. In other embodiments, the housing may comprise an outer surface composed of antimicrobial material or material resistant to microbes. In certain other embodiments, the electronic components may be coated with an antimicrobial coating or a microbial resistant coating. In any event, electronic components can be bathed in antimicrobial soap solutions and / or other antimicrobial solutions before being positioned inside the housing or before being coated to reduce the amount of contamination, bacteria and / or microbes present in the electronic components. In various embodiments, one or more electrical contacts or terminals that extend from or are positioned on electronic components can be composed of conductive antimicrobial materials or materials resistant to conductive microbes and / or can be coated with conductive antimicrobial materials or materials resistant to conductive microbes. Silver can be an example of such conductive materials.
[00198] In a modality in which a housing is provided around the electronic components, one or more vents can be provided in the housing to allow the cooling of the electronic components during their operation. The vents can be covered with materials that are gas permeable and impermeable to microbes, such as polyethylene materials such as TYVEK®, for example, to allow a gas, such as air, to flow in and out of the housing and cool the electronic components, but that prevents, or at least inhibits, that any microbes, bacteria and / or contamination in the electronic components or inside the housing leave the housing. In one embodiment, the material covering the vents may
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95/102 to understand antimicrobial coatings. These antimicrobial coatings can comprise esters, lipids and / or silver ions, for example, to provide the material that coats the vents with antimicrobial properties. In one embodiment, a fluorocarbon agent, such as FC-808, a fluoro-aliphatic ester, can be used as the antimicrobial coating, for example. In certain embodiments, the housing or the electronic components themselves may comprise fins or heat sinks configured to dissipate heat away from the electronic components. These fins or heatsinks may consist of or be coated with materials that are resistant to microbes or thermally conductive antimicrobials.
[00199] In several modalities, one or more electronic components, such as a controller integrated circuit, for example, can be coupled to another electronic component, such as a power supply, for example. In one embodiment, the electronic components can be attached to the power supply, formed with the power supply, positioned inside the housing with the power supply and / or, otherwise, combined with the power supply. In several modalities, a power supply may not be provided, only the electronic components can be positioned inside the housing and / or coated with antimicrobial or microbial resistant materials. Figures 64 and 65 illustrate an exemplary electronic component, such as a power supply, for example. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present revelation is not so limited.
[00200] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 64 to 66, one or more electronic components 600, such as a power supply, an integrated circuit for a programmable controller and / or a programmable controller, for example, may have a coating an
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96/102 thymicrobial or a microbial resistant coating 601 therein (see, for example, Figure 64) and / or may be surrounded by a housing 602 that comprises an outer surface 604 composed of or partially composed of an antimicrobial material or a microbial resistant material (see, for example, Figures 65 and 66). In various embodiments, some antimicrobial materials or exemplary microbial resistant materials may comprise plastics embedded with silver ions, plastics or metals comprising nanostructures that repel or kill bacteria, such as shark skin or nanocarbon tubes, for example, and / or materials which comprise titanium oxide microchannels configured to have a weak electrical current flowing through them from the power supply. Shark skin, for example, can prevent, or at least inhibit, bacteria, microbes, and / or other contamination from attaching to its surface. Other nanostructure materials can act as daggers to pierce unwanted cells (ie, bacteria, microbes, and / or other contamination) to kill the cells and / or decompose the viral material in the cells. In one embodiment, using a weak charge from a power supply, the outer housing 602 can be slightly electrified or charged to kill bacteria, microbes and / or other contamination present in it. Some antimicrobial or microbial resistant coatings may comprise iodine, antibiotics, such as penicillin, for example, antimicrobial lipids and / or silver ion coatings, for example. Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize that any other suitable microbial or antimicrobial resistant coatings or materials can be used to comprise a portion of housing 602 or can be used as a coating on electronic components 600 or housing 602.
[00201] In various modalities, with reference again to Figu
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97/102 ras 64 and 65, electronic components 600 may comprise one or more electrical contacts or terminals 606. The one or more electrical terminals 606 may engage with one or more terminals or electrical contacts (not shown) of a surgical instrument, so that electronic components 600 can communicate with the surgical instrument by means of digital signals, analog signals and / or electrical signals, for example. Electrical terminals 606 can be coated with or formed of an antimicrobial material or a microbial resistant material, so that electrical terminals 606 are at least partially resistant to contamination by microbes or bacteria. If electrical terminals 606 extend from housing 602, a seal (not shown) can be positioned where electrical terminals 606 extend through housing 602 to at least inhibit the exit of microbes, bacteria and / or contamination from electrical components 600 from the housing 602. Antimicrobial materials or microbial resistant materials from electrical terminals 606 can, in general, be conductive or at least have conductive portions, such that electrical terminals 606 can conduct electricity or electrical signals. In various embodiments, electrical terminals 606 can have piercing tips 622, like the piercing tips 522 described above, which can be configured to pierce a sealed membrane or package, like the membrane 514 described above, for example.
[00202] In various modalities, the devices or structures for heat dissipation can be positioned in housing 602, fixed to housing 602, integrally formed with housing 602, formed with electronic components 600, fixed to electronic components 600 and / or being in thermal contact with electronic components 600 and / or housing 602, for example. In an exemplary modality, with reference to Figure 64, a
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98/102 fin or heatsink 610 is illustrated extending from electronic component 600. The fin or heatsink 610 can consist of a highly thermally conductive antimicrobial or microbial resistant material, such as silver, and / or it can be coated with an antimicrobial material or the microbial resistant material. In other embodiments, the fin or heat sink 610 may consist of aluminum and / or stainless steel, for example, with aluminum and / or stainless steel being coated with an antimicrobial material or a microbial resistant material such as silver, for example. In a mode where a coating is applied to the fin 610 or heatsink, the fin 610 or heatsink can consist of a high, thermally conductive material to aid in the heat dissipation of 600 electronic components. Antimicrobial materials, resistant materials microbes, antimicrobial coatings and microbial resistant coatings can be the same as those described above, for example. In one embodiment, the fin or heat sink 610 may comprise an antimicrobial material, microbial resistant material, antimicrobial coating and / or microbial resistant coating other than antimicrobial material, microbial resistant material, antimicrobial coating and / or microbial resistant coating housing 602. For example, the heatsink or fin 610 could be composed of a material that has better heat transfer properties than the housing material 602 or coating on the electronic component 600.
[00203] In various modalities, with reference to the Figure. 65, one or more vents, such as vents 612, for example, can be defined in housing 602. Vents 612 may allow a gas, such as air, to flow in and out of housing 602 such that the one or more 600 electronic components inside housing 602
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99/102 can be cooled during the operation or activation of the 600 electronic components. In one embodiment, the 612 vents can be coated with a germ-impermeable and gas-permeable 614 barrier layer configured to allow a gas to pass through them, but configured to prevent or at least inhibit the passage of microbes into housing 602 through vents 612. Vents 612 may be used in housing 602 in addition to or in place of the fins or heatsinks 610 described above. In various embodiments, Figure 66 illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line 66—66 in Figure 65. In this embodiment, housing 602 is illustrated surrounding two electronic components, each identified as 600, as a power supply and a controller integrated circuit, for example. As a result, it is illustrated how any contamination, bacteria and / or microbes present in electronic components 600 can be contained within housing 602 due to the sealing nature of housing 602.
[00204] Although the present disclosure has been illustrated by describing numerous modalities and although the illustrative modalities have been described in considerable detail, it is not the applicants' intention to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the claims attached to such details. The advantages and additional modifications can be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. In addition, although the modalities presented in the present invention have been described in conjunction with a surgical instrument, other modalities are envisaged in conjunction with any suitable medical device. Although this revelation has been described as having exemplary models, the revelation can be further modified within the spirit and scope of the revelation. This request, therefore, is intended to cover any variations,
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100/102 uses or adaptations of the disclosure with the use of its general principles. In addition, this disclosure is intended to cover these departures from the present disclosure as they become known or common practice in the technique to which this disclosure belongs.
[00205] In addition to that described above, the various modalities of this description have been described above in conjunction with cutting-type surgical instruments. It should be noted, however, that in other modalities, the sterile surgical instrument presented in the present invention does not need to be a cut-type surgical instrument. For example, it could be a non-cut endoscopic instrument, a claw, a stapler, a clamp applicator, an access device, a drug / gene therapy delivery device, an energy device that uses ultrasound, RF, laser, etc. In certain modalities, an ultrasonic instrument can be sterilized and used according to the modalities presented in this document. In at least one embodiment, an ultrasonic instrument may include a first portion comprising a cable and / or end effector, for example, and a second portion comprising radiation sensitive electronics that can be sterilized independently of the first portion. Various ultrasonic instruments are presented in US Patent No. 6,063,098, entitled ARTICULATABLE ULTRASONIC SURGICAL APPARATUS, which was granted on May 16, 2000, the entire description of which is incorporated herein by reference. Although the present description has been described in the present invention in conjunction with certain disclosed modalities, many modifications and variations to those modalities can be implemented. For example, different types of end effectors can be used. Also, where materials are presented for certain components, other materials can be used. The description
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101/102 mentioned above and the following claims are intended to cover all such modifications and variations.
[00206] In addition to the above, the various staple cartridges presented here can be disposable. In at least one embodiment, a used staple cartridge, or a staple cartridge at least partially used, can be removed from a surgical stapler and replaced with another staple cartridge. In several other embodiments, the staple cartridge may not be removable and / or replaceable during common use of the surgical instrument but, in some circumstances, it may be replaceable during and / or after the surgical stapler is refurbished, as described in more detail below. In various embodiments, the staple cartridge may be part of a loading unit or disposable end effector which may further include a staple cartridge holder, fixed jaw, cutting element, and / or staple driver. In at least one such embodiment, the entire loading unit or disposable end effector, or at least a portion of it, can be separably connected to a surgical instrument and can be configured to be replaced.
[00207] The devices described here can be designed to be discarded after a single use, or they can be designed for use multiple times. In either case, however, the devices can be reconditioned for reuse after at least one use. Reconditioning can include any combination of steps to disassemble the device, followed by cleaning or replacing particular parts, and subsequent reassembly. In particular, the devices can be disassembled, and any number of particular parts or parts of the devices can be selectively replaced or removed in any combination. By cleaning and / or replacing particular parts, devices 870190092850, of 17/09/2019, p. 105/113
102/102 can be reassembled for subsequent use in a reconditioning facility, or by a surgical team immediately before a surgical procedure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the reconditioning of a device can use a variety of techniques for disassembly, cleaning / replacement, and reassembly. The use of such techniques, and the resulting reconditioned device are all within the scope of the present description.
[00208] Any patent, publication or other description material, in whole or in part, which is said to be incorporated into the present invention for reference purposes, is incorporated into the present invention only to the extent that the incorporated materials do not come into effect. conflict with existing definitions, statements or other description material presented in this description. Accordingly, and to the extent necessary, the description as explicitly stated herein replaces any conflicting material incorporated herein by way of reference.

权利要求:
Claims (11)
[1]
1. Surgical instrument (500) comprising:
a first portion (502) comprising at least one first electrical contact (606);
a membrane (514) that encapsulates the first portion; and a second portion (504), comprising:
an axis (524) having a proximal end (526) and a distal end (528);
a surgical instrument body (510) extending from the proximal end (526);
an end effector (532) extending from the distal end (528);
a wall (512) defining a cavity (508) in the body of the surgical instrument, wherein the cavity (508) is configured to receive at least partially the first portion (502) while the first portion (502) remains encapsulated by the membrane (514 );
a first region comprising at least a second electrical contact (520); and a second region comprising an opening in communication with the cavity (508);
characterized by the fact that the second portion still comprises:
a closing member (506) movable between a first position and a second position, where the closing member (506) is in a sealing engagement with the second region when it is in the first position, where the closing member (506) it is at least partially free of sealing engagement with the second region when it is in the second position, and where one of the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact is configured for penetration
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[2]
2/3 bring the membrane and make an electrical connection between the first portion and the second portion when the closing member (506) moves from the second position to the first position.
2. Surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the first portion comprises a non-sterile portion, and the second portion comprises a sterile portion.
[3]
3. Surgical instrument, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the closing member (506) is pivotally attached to the second portion, and in which the closing member (506) is pivoting between the first position and the second position.
[4]
4. Surgical instrument, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the closing member (506) comprises:
an external perimeter;
a seal positioned around and adjacent to the outer perimeter, where the seal is configured to engage the second region when the closing member (506) is in first position and creates a microbial impermeable barrier between the cavity (508) and the outer surface of the second portion to at least inhibit microbial contamination of the outer surface of the second portion by the first portion.
[5]
5. Surgical instrument, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the second portion comprises a seal positioned around and adjacent to the opening.
[6]
6. Surgical instrument, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the closing member (506) comprises:
a cam surface (540) configured to push the first portion into the cavity (508) when the
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3/3 closure (506) is moved from the second position into the first position.
[7]
7. Surgical instrument, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first portion comprises an energy source (600).
[8]
8. Surgical instrument, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first portion comprises electronic components configured to operate the second portion.
[9]
9. Surgical instrument system comprising the surgical instrument as defined in claim 1, characterized by the fact that the membrane (514) comprises a barrier layer impermeable to microbes; and the closing member (506) comprises a cam surface (540) configured to force the first portion into the cavity (508).
[10]
10. Surgical instrument system according to claim 9, characterized in that the first portion comprises a non-sterile portion and the second portion comprises a sterile portion.
[11]
11. Surgical instrument system according to claim 9, characterized in that the first portion comprises at least one of an energy source configured to supply energy to the second portion and electronic components configured to control an operation of the second portion .

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CN109219404A|2019-01-15|With the interchangeable surgical tool component that can surround the surgical end-effector that axis axis selectively rotates

---

CN106456167B|2019-05-14|The feedback algorithm of manual-operated emergent system for surgical instruments

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BRPI1008741B1|2021-11-03|SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT SYSTEM

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BR112019026771A2|2020-09-01|battery powered surgical instrument with dual energy use circuits for dual modes

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BR112016007013B1|2021-12-28|SYSTEM TO PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO A SURGEON

同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

---

WO2011063038A2|2011-05-26|

---

WO2011063038A3|2011-07-14|

---

PL2501298T3|2016-10-31|

---

JP5795321B2|2015-10-14|

---

US8414577B2|2013-04-09|

---

CN102711630B|2015-05-20|

---

AU2010322031A8|2013-10-31|

---

EP2501298A2|2012-09-26|

---

AU2010322031B8|2013-10-31|

---

RU2012125262A|2013-12-27|

---

RU2554224C2|2015-06-27|

---

JP2013511342A|2013-04-04|

---

AU2010322031B2|2013-10-24|

---

IN2012DN04849A|2015-09-25|

---

CA2781272C|2018-02-27|

---

US20100198220A1|2010-08-05|

---

EP2501298B1|2016-03-30|

---

WO2011063038A8|2012-05-31|

---

CA2781272A1|2011-05-26|

---

BR112012011999A2|2016-05-10|

---

CN102711630A|2012-10-03|

---

AU2010322031A1|2012-06-07|

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法律状态:
2018-03-27| B15K| Others concerning applications: alteration of classification|Ipc: A61B 17/072 (2006.01), A61B 46/10 (2016.01), A61B |

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2019-01-08| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|

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2019-07-23| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|

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2019-12-17| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|

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2020-02-11| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 17/11/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US12/621,732|US8414577B2|2009-02-05|2009-11-19|Surgical instruments and components for use in sterile environments|

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US12/621,732|2009-11-19|

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PCT/US2010/057101|WO2011063038A2|2009-11-19|2010-11-17|Surgical instruments and components for use in sterile environments|

---